Increase in rate of developing acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with those without in strata of age in years and adjusted for sex and smoking status
| Outcome | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 35–44 | 45–54 | 55–64 | 65–74 | ≥75 | ||
| Acute MI | 3.53 (3.02 to 4.13) | 10.34 (3.28 to 32.60) | 1.22 (0.55 to 2.74) | 1.55 (1.07 to 2.26) | 1.78 (1.37 to 2.31) | 1.34 (1.03 to 1.73) |
| Stroke | 2.79 (2.56 to 3.04) | 3.44 (0.85 to 13.84) | 2.21 (1.34 to 3.63) | 1.70 (1.35 to 2.15) | 1.06 (0.90 to 1.26) | 1.10 (0.98 to 1.23) |