Crude rates of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke by diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and demographic characteristics
| Rate of acute MI* in patients per 1000000 per year (95% CI) | Rate of stroke† in patients per 1000000 per year (95% CI) | ||||
| No COPD | COPD | No COPD | COPD | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Men | 1.9 (1.8 to 2.0) | 7.8 (6.1 to 9.9) | 10.0 (9.8 to 10.3) | 26.5 (23.6 to 29.9) | |
| Women | 3.8 (3.6 to 4.0) | 12.0 (9.9 to 14.6) | 9.4 (9.1 to 9.7) | 27.8 (24.8 to 21.1) | |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 35–44 | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) | 7.2 (2.3 to 22.4) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.1) | 4.8 (1.2 to 19.0) | |
| 45–54 | 1.9 (1.7 to 2.0) | 3.7 (1.7 to 8.3) | 3.0 (2.8 to 3.3) | 9.4 (5.8 to 15.4) | |
| 55–64 | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.4) | 6.9 (4.8 to 10.0) | 7.1 (6.8 to 7.5) | 15.7 (12.5 to 19.7) | |
| 65–74 | 5.1 (4.7 to 5.5) | 11.8 (9.3 to 15.0) | 17.1 (16.4 to 17.8) | 21.4 (18.2 to 25.1) | |
| ≥75 | 8.2 (7.7 to 8.8) | 12.3 (9.7 to 15.7) | 41.7 (40.5 to 42.9) | 45.8 (41.1 to 51.0) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never smoker | 2.0 (1.8 to 2.1) | 8.5 (5.4 to 13.5) | 9.3 (9.0 to 9.6) | 30.7 (24.6 to 38.3) | |
| Ex-smoker | 3.6 (3.2 to 4.0) | 11.1 (8.0 to 15.5) | 15.2 (14.4 to 15.9) | 28.8 (24.1 to 34.4) | |
| Current smoker | 4.0 (3.8 to 4.2) | 9.8 (8.1 to 11.7) | 9.8 (9.5 to 10.2) | 26.2 (23.6 to 29.0) | |
| Unknown | 1.9 (1.6 to 2.1) | 13.0 (4.2 to 40.3) | 5.8 (5.4 to 6.3) | 19.9 (8.3 to 47.9) | |
| Townsend score12 | |||||
| 1 | 2.5 (2.3 to 2.7) | 11.6 (8.0 to 17.0) | 7.8 (7.4 to 8.2) | 30.0 (24.2 to 37.3) | |
| 2 | 2.7 (2.5 to 2.9) | 7.6 (4.9 to 12.0) | 9.8 (9.4 to 10.3) | 24.7 (19.6 to 31.0) | |
| 3 | 2.8 (2.6 to 3.1) | 11.4 (8.1 to 16.0) | 9.9 (9.4 to 10.4) | 26.4 (21.6 to 32.3) | |
| 4 | 3.2 (2.9 to 3.5) | 10.7 (7.7 to 14.8) | 11.2 (10.7 to 11.8) | 27.6 (23.0 to 33.1) | |
| 5 | 3.7 (3.3 to 4.1) | 12.7 (9.2 to 17.4) | 12.3 (11.5 to 13.1) | 27.3 (22.5 to 33.1) | |
| Missing | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.8) | 5.6 (3.5 to 8.9) | 9.5 (9.0 to 10.0) | 27.2 (22.4 to 33.0) | |
| Region13 | |||||
| East | 2.8 (2.5 to 3.3) | 9.8 (5.6 to 17.2) | 9.8 (9.1 to 10.5) | 24.2 (17.4 to 33.5) | |
| East Midlands | 2.8 (2.3 to 3.2) | 17.0 (10.2 to 28.2) | 9.3 (8.5 to 10.1) | 28.7 (20.2 to 40.9) | |
| London | 2.0 (1.7 to 2.2) | 4.8 (2.3 to 10.1) | 7.7 (7.2 to 8.3) | 26.2 (19.5 to 35.0) | |
| North East | 2.2 (1.7 to 2.8) | 8.5 (3.8 to 18.9) | 11.6 (10.4 to 12.9) | 26.5 (17.7 to 39.5) | |
| North West | 3.2 (2.9 to 3.6) | 11.8 (8.5 to 16.5) | 9.9 (9.3 to 10.5) | 30.0 (24.9 to 36.0) | |
| Northern Ireland | 3.0 (2.4 to 3.8) | 7.6 (3.2 to 18.3) | 10.3 (9.1 to 11.5) | 18.2 (11.0 to 30.2) | |
| Scotland | 3.7 (3.2 to 4.3) | 10.0 (5.8 to 17.2) | 10.8 (10.0 to 11.7) | 33.0 (25.3 to 43.1) | |
| South East | 2.9 (2.6 to 3.1) | 5.8 (3.4 to 10.1) | 9.5 (9.1 to 10.0) | 27.6 (22.0 to 34.7) | |
| South West | 2.8 (2.5 to 3.3) | 13.1 (8.1 to 21.1) | 11.6 (10.9 to 12.4) | 23.0 (16.6 to 31.9) | |
| Wales | 2.8 (2.4 to 3.2) | 10.7 (6.6 to 17.5) | 9.4 (8.7 to 10.1) | 24.5 (18.3 to 32.8) | |
| West Midlands | 2.4 (2.1 to 2.7) | 9.6 (6.0 to 15.2) | 9.4 (8.8 to 10.0) | 30.1 (23.8 to 38.2) | |
| Yorkshire | 3.4 (2.9 to 3.9) | 12.0 (6.9 to 20.6) | 10.1 (9.3 to 11.0) | 24.1 (17.1 to 34.1) | |