Demographic and clinical details of patients and age-/sex-matched volunteers
| VAP (n=17) | Non-VAP (n=55) | Matched volunteers (n=21) | |
| Mean age (range) | 57 (31–83) | 58 (25–87) | 59 (24–84) |
| %Male | 76% | 55% | 79% |
| Mean (95% CI) APACHE II score | 23 (20–26) | 21 (20–23) | NA |
| Median (IQR) days of ventilation before enrolment | 8 (6–9) | 8 (5–10) | NA |
| ICU mortality | 35% | 36% | NA |
| % With surgical diagnosis on admission | 65% | 47% | NA |
| % With ≥1 co-morbidity | 59% | 56% | NA |
| % Receiving immunosuppressant drugs (including corticosteroids) | 12% | 11% | NA |
| % Receiving antibiotics on day of diagnosis | 29% | 60% | NA |
| % With acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome | 17% | 35% | NA |
| % With systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) | 88% | 81% | NA |
APACHE II; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; ICU, intensive care unit; NA, not applicable; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.