Table 2 Changes in outcome measures at follow up assessment in those receiving simple and detailed risk information
Difference scoresBetween-group
ControlInterventionp Value
Anxiety VAS2.5 (−1.4 to 6.4)14.0 (10.1 to 17.9)<0.001*
APAIS – procedure01.00.003**
    Median (range)(0–8)(0–6)
APAIS – outcome01.00.03**
    Median (range)(0–8)(0–11)
APAIS – anxiety total0.57 (0.05 to 1.10)1.73 (1.19 to 2.26)<0.001*
APAIS – information0.28 (−0.03 to 0.60)0.03 (−0.30 to 0.36)0.8*
  • Data are mean (95% confidence intervals) unless indicated.

  • *t test; **Mann-Whitney U test.

  • APAIS, Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale; VAS, visual analogue scale.