| OSAS with EDS (n = 22) | OSAS without EDS (n = 22) | Healthy subjects (n = 23) | p Value (a, b, c) | |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 115 (19) (107 to 122) | 103 (20) (94 to 113) | 99 (8) (95 to 103) | 0.002, 0.032, 0.039 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 199 (110) (157 to 241) | 153 (58) (126 to 179) | 128 (93) (88 to 169) | 0.008, 0.084, 0.395 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 223 (34) (210 to 237) | 220 (50) (197 to 243) | 224 (30) (221 to 237) | 0.960, 0.742, 0.721 |
| HDLc (mg/dl) | 46 (10) (42 to 50) | 56 (11)(50 to 61) | 52 (9) (47 to 56) | 0.055, 0.002, 0.189 |
| Insulin (μU/ml) | 15.2 (7.6) (12.3 to 18.1) | 8.6 (4.8) (6.4 to 10.8) | 7.8 (3.0) (6.5 to 9.2) | 0.000, 0.000, 0.664 |
| HOMA index | 4.3 (2.4) (3.4 to 5.3) | 2.3 (1.8) (1.5 to 3.2) | 1.9 (0.8) (1.6 to 2.3) | 0.000, 0.000, 0.510 |
| TSH (μUI/ml) | 1.1 (0.5) (0.9 to 1.3) | 1.6 (1.1) (1.1 to 2.1) | 1.5 (1.1) (1.1 to 2.0) | 0.120, 0.093, 0.872 |
| Cortisol (mg/dl) | 13.4 (5.0) (11.5 to 15.4) | 15.5 (4.2) (13.6 to 17.4) | 14.3 (3.4) (12.9 to 15.8) | 0.448, 0.099, 0.382 |
| GH (ng/ml) | 0.38 (0.13) (−0.14 to 0.90) | 0.15 (0.14) (0.07 to 0.21) | 0.17 (0.16) (0.09 to 0.23) | 0.389, 0.347, 0.922 |
| IGF-1 (ng/ml) | 121 (94) (86 to 157) | 106 (27) (94 to 118) | 122 (36) (107 to 138) | 0.946, 0.410, 0.398 |
Results are presented as mean (SD) (95% confidence interval for the mean).
p values: a = OSAS with EDS vs controls; b = OSAS with EDS vs OSAS without EDS; c = OSAS without EDS vs controls.
EDS, excessive daytime sleepiness; GH, growth hormone; HDLc, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA, homeostasis model assessment; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor I; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome; TSH, thyrotropin.