| Baseline | Post-treatment (6 months post baseline) | 12 months post-baseline | ||||||
| Control(n = 46) | PM(n = 39) | Control(n = 45) | PM(n = 33) | p Value* | Control(n = 40) | PM(n = 32) | p Value* | |
| SGRQ Symptoms | 35.1 (12.9) | 42.9 (21.3) | 32.8 (20.1) | 21.8 (18.1) | 0.001 | 33.5 (15.9) | 24.9 (17.9) | 0.007 |
| SGRQ Activities | 20.2 (17.4) | 27.8 (21.3) | 17.0 (17.5) | 20.4 (18.8) | 0.984 | 18.4 (18.9) | 19.0 (15.7) | 0.16 |
| SGRQ Impacts | 14.7 (11.53) | 18.2 (14.8) | 10.8 (11.0) | 11.5 (11.5) | 0.818 | 10.4 (10.7) | 10.0 (10.1) | 0.393 |
| SGRQ Total | 19.7 (11.3) | 25.2 (16.1) | 16.3 (12.2) | 15.9 (14.0) | 0.186 | 16.7 (11.6) | 15.2 (10.9) | 0.05 |
| Nijmegen Total score | 17.8 (9.1) | 19.2 (11.0) | 15.0 (9.5) | 11.0 (9.7) | <0.001 | 14.2 (9.2) | 11.9 (8.6) | 0.015 |
| HADS Anxiety | 6.2 (3.8) | 6.3 (3.5) | 6.2 (3.7) | 4.7 (3.1) | 0.002 | 5.9 (4.1) | 4.4 (2.7) | 0.006 |
| HADS Depression | 2.2 (1.8) | 3.3 (2.5) | 2.4 (2.4) | 2.2 (2.3) | 0.075 | 2.6 (2.7) | 2.1 (2.2) | 0.03 |
| ETco2 (mm Hg) | 39.0 (3.7) | 38.3 (5.5) | 39.4 (4.4) | 39.9 (4.6) | 0.375 | 39.2 (3.4) | 39.3 (6.0) | 0.772 |
| Relaxed breathing rate over 10 min | 15.1 (2.5) | 15.0 (3.3) | 15.3 (2.4) | 10 (3.0) | <0.001 | 15.3 (2.7) | 9.6 (3.7) | <0.001 |
Values presented as mean (SD).
SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire scores: range 0–100 (best−worst);
Nijmegen scores: higher scores indicate increased severity in symptoms from hypocapnia: range 0–64 (best−worst); HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: range 0–21 (best−worst); ETco2, end tidal carbon dioxide.
*From analysis of covariance comparing PM and control groups controlling for baseline scores.