Characteristics of children with and without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)
| Without OSA (n = 29)* | With OSA (n = 14)* | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AHI, Apnoea Hypopnoea Index; BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity; OAI, obstructive apnoea index; SaO2, oxygen saturation; %TST with SaO2 <90%: percentage of total sleep time with oxygen saturation <90%. | |||
| *Values are median (IQR) unless otherwise stated. | |||
| Age (years) | 11.6 (10.8–13.8) | 11.8 (11.0–13.6) | 0.678 |
| Male/female (n) | 22/7 | 8/6 | 1.000 |
| Weight (kg) | 52.3 (39.7–64.4) | 53.4 (48.3–66.0) | 0.577 |
| Height (m) | 1.5 (1.4–1.5) | 1.5 (1.5–1.6) | 0.508 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 (19.8–27.3) | 24.3 (20.9–30.0) | 0.836 |
| Tonsil size, left | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 0.126 |
| Tonsils size, right | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.5 (1.0–4.0) | 0.089 |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 94.0 (87.0–102.5) | 87.0 (82.8–96.0) | 0.187 |
| FVC (% predicted) | 95.0 (85.0–100.3) | 89.0 (84.8–99.0) | 0.531 |
| FEV1/FVC | 90.0 (88.0–94.3) | 86.0 (84.0–93.5) | 0.130 |
| Sputum eosinophils (%) | 2.0 (0.8–4.2) | 0.4 (0.0–3.0) | 0.023 |
| Sputum neutrophils (%) | 4.0 (3.0–11.3) | 18.5 (8.0–42.0) | 0.006 |
| Sputum macrophages (%) | 84.0 (77.8–89.0) | 76.0 (56.0–87.0) | 0.015 |
| Sputum lymphocytes (%) | 6.8 (2.0–8.0) | 2.5 (1.0–9.7) | 0.413 |
| %TST with SaO2 <90% | 0.1 (0.0–0.2) | 1.6 (0.2–3.7) | 0.008 |
| SaO2 nadir (%) | 90.5 (84.3–93.0) | 82.0 (72.0–87.0) | <0.001 |
| Arousal index per h | 5.7 (4.4–8.3) | 9.1 (6.8–15.3) | 0.010 |
| Asthma, yes/no (n) | 10/19 | 2/12 | 0.279 |
| Allergic rhinitis, yes/no (n) | 21/8 | 9/5 | 1.000 |