Analysis of ciliary ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy
| Dynein arm counts | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | n | Inner | Outer | Dynein arm defects (%) | Microtubule defects (%) | Central microtubule defects (%) | Ciliary orientation (°) |
| Results for individual age groups are expressed as the mean (5th and 95th percentiles). | |||||||
| 0–6 | 19 | 7.4 (7.2, 7.7) | 7.9 (7.6, 8.2) | 1.8 (0.0, 7.1) | 2.1 (0.6, 5.6) | 0.3 (0.0, 1.2) | 10.9 (9.9, 12.5) |
| 7–12 | 15 | 7.2 (7.0, 7.4) | 7.7 (6.4, 8.3) | 1.3 (0.0, 4.1) | 1.9 (0.0, 4.4) | 0.7 (0.0, 2.2) | 10.7 (9.7, 11.4) |
| 13–18 | 10 | 7.1 (6.7, 7.3) | 7.5 (5.6, 8.1) | 1.0 (0.0, 1.9) | 2.3 (1.2, 3.6) | 1.1 (0.0, 3.2) | 10.8 (9.7, 11.9) |
| ≥19 | 16 | 7.2 (6.5, 7.9) | 6.8 (5.7, 8.1) | 1.0 (0.0, 2.8) | 1.9 (0.8, 3.8) | 0.3 (0.0, 1.0) | 10.7 (9.7, 11.6) |