Associations (%) between asthma deaths, health behaviour, and psychosocial factors
| Mentioned 5 years before index date | Mentioned ever | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n=533) | Controls (n=533) | OR | 95% CI | Cases (n=533) | Controls (n=533) | OR | 95% CI | |
| *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. | ||||||||
| Odds ratios from conditional logistic regression are adjusted for sex. | ||||||||
| Health behaviour: | ||||||||
| Asthma drug non-compliance | 17.3 | 16.3 | 1.06 | (0.76 to 1.48) | 22.0 | 19.1 | 1.19 | (0.87 to 1.62) |
| Poor inhaler technique | 15.2 | 13.7 | 1.14 | (0.81 to 1.59) | 22.1 | 17.6 | 1.35* | (1.00 to 1.83) |
| Repeated non-attendance | 11.8 | 8.3 | 1.49 | (0.99 to 2.23) | 15.8 | 11.3 | 1.47* | (1.03 to 2.09) |
| Psychological factors: | ||||||||
| Anxiety | 25.5 | 30.0 | 0.82 | (0.62 to 1.07) | 35.8 | 43.0 | 0.76* | (0.59 to 0.97) |
| Sleepless | 39.4 | 41.7 | 0.92 | (0.71 to 1.17) | 49.3 | 51.6 | 0.92 | (0.72 to 1.18) |
| Mention of sedatives (n=532) | 21.8 | 22.7 | 0.96 | (0.71 to 1.30) | – | – | – | – |
| Depression | 28.7 | 28.7 | 1.03 | (0.78 to 1.36) | 45.8 | 50.1 | 0.86 | (0.66 to 1.12) |
| Mention of antidepressants (n=532) | 23.5 | 27.4 | 0.83 | (0.62 to 1.11) | 31.8 | 40.2 | 0.68** | (0.52 to 0.89) |
| Psychosis | 3.9 | 1.7 | 2.32* | (1.06 to 5.06) | 6.9 | 3.8 | 1.86* | (1.08 to 3.21) |
| Mention of antipsychotics (n=532) | 7.0 | 3.8 | 1.88* | (1.08 to 3.29) | – | – | – | – |
| Overdose/self-harm | 4.1 | 5.3 | 0.78 | (0.43 to 1.39) | 13.5 | 14.4 | 0.94 | (0.66 to 1.33) |
| Psychiatrist/psychologist/CPN referral (n=532) | 16.5 | 16.5 | 1.00 | (0.72 to 1.40) | 28.8 | 25.9 | 1.16 | (0.88 to 1.53) |
| Psychiatric inpatient or day patient (n=532) | 3.6 | 5.5 | 0.64 | (0.35 to 1.15) | 12.0 | 11.3 | 1.07 | (0.73 to 1.59) |
| Mention of learning difficulties (n=532) | 4.1 | 1.3 | 3.07* | (1.31 to 7.20) | – | – | – | – |
| Social factors: | ||||||||
| Sexual problems | 1.9 | 3.6 | 0.50 | (0.23 to 1.12) | 3.6 | 7.1 | 0.45** | (0.24 to 0.82) |
| Bereavement | 11.3 | 11.8 | 0.97 | (0.67 to 1.42) | 25.0 | 28.0 | 0.88 | (0.66 to 1.16) |
| Separated/divorced | 3.9 | 3.4 | 1.16 | (0.62 to 2.18) | 16.3 | 19.5 | 0.81 | (0.58 to 1.11) |
| Family problems | 17.5 | 16.1 | 1.13 | (0.81 to 1.59) | 29.3 | 33.2 | 0.83 | (0.63 to 1.10) |
| Domestic abuse | 2.6 | 2.6 | 1.06 | (0.49 to 2.31) | 9.4 | 11.4 | 0.80 | (0.52 to 1.22) |
| Isolation | 3.8 | 3.2 | 1.19 | (0.60 to 2.35) | 6.0 | 5.3 | 1.15 | (0.67 to 1.96) |
| Housing problems | 14.3 | 12.0 | 1.24 | (0.87 to 1.78) | 20.1 | 19.3 | 1.07 | (0.79 to 1.47) |
| Financial problems | 20.6 | 16.2 | 1.36 | (0.99 to 1.87) | 25.0 | 19.1 | 1.43* | (1.06 to 1.94) |
| Employment problems | 17.5 | 13.3 | 1.42 | (0.99 to 2.03) | 28.1 | 20.1 | 1.60** | (1.19 to 2.17) |
| Alcohol abuse | 14.5 | 9.9 | 1.51* | (1.02 to 2.22) | 22.1 | 15.9 | 1.49* | (1.08 to 2.07) |
| Drug abuse | 6.6 | 3.6 | 1.84* | (1.04 to 3.27) | 8.4 | 5.1 | 1.71* | (1.03 to 2.83) |
| Criminal record | 1.5 | 0.6 | 2.58 | (0.68 to 9.73) | 4.9 | 4.1 | 1.17 | (0.64 to 2.12) |