Studies of socioeconomic status (SES) and indices of COPD
| Author/place | Year | Study population | Index of SES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Studies of adults that include measures of lung function | |||
| Stebbings14 (Hagerstown, Maryland) | 1971 | Non-smokers (410 men)1-150 | Income, education |
| Cohen16 (Baltimore, Maryland) | 1977 | Genetic-epidemiological (1232 men and women)1-150 | Place of residence |
| Higgins17 (Tecumseh, Michigan) | 1977 | Population sample (4699 men and women)1-150 | Education, income |
| Lebowitz15 (Tucson, Arizona) | 1977 | Population sample (3800 men and women)1-150 | Education, income, occupation |
| Rasmussen26 (Copenhagen, Denmark) | 1978 | Non-occupationally exposed (218 men)1-150 | Housing conditions |
| Krzyzanowski18 (Cracow, Poland) | 1986 | Population sample (1864 men and women)** | Education |
| Burr19 (Caerphilly/Bath, Scotland) | 1987 | Population sample (513 men)1-150 | Manual, non-manual |
| Krzyzanowski20 (7 cities, France) | 1988 | Population sample (16 000 men and women)1-150 | Social class, education |
| Bakke22 (Bergen, Norway) | 1995 | Population sample (714 men and women)1-150 | Education (3 levels) |
| Hole23 (Renfrew/Paisley, Scotland) | 1996 | Population sample (15 411 men and women)1-150 | Social class (IV–V/I–III) |
| Prescott25(Copenhagen, Denmark) | 1998 | Population sample (14 223 men and women)1-150 | Income, education |
| Other studies of socioeconomic status and indices of COPD | |||
| Marmot2 (Whitehall study, UK) | 1984 | Civil servants (17 530 men)** | Grade 1–4 |
| Lebowitz21 (Tucson, Arizona) | 1990 | 583 children aged over 61-150 | Family income |
| Demissie24(Montreal, Canada) | 1996 | 989 children aged 6–111-150 | Parental SES score 1–5 |
↵1-150 Cross sectional study; **longitudinal study.