Prevalence of respiratory symptoms (%) and mean FVC (l) and FEV1 (l) by quintiles of antioxidants
| Quintiles3-151 of vitamin C intake | Quintiles3-151of vitamin E intake | Quintiles3-151of β-carotene intake | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||
| Number of subjects | 1392 | 1314 | 1249 | 1263 | 1335 | 1247 | 1333 | 1249 | 1330 | 1396 | 1319 | 1283 | 1295 | 1262 | 1396 | ||
| Cough (%) | 10.2 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 5.6 | 6.3 | ||
| Phlegm (%) | 7.9 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 6.8 | ||
| Prod. cough (%) | 17.3 | 17.6 | 16.0 | 16.9 | 19.1 | 14.1 | 16.3 | 17.2 | 18.6 | 20.5 | 16.6 | 15.2 | 17.5 | 17.0 | 20.4 | ||
| Wheeze (%) | 10.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 9.2 | 8.0 | 9.3 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 9.9 | ||
| SOB (%) | 9.0 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 5.8 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 5.2 | ||
| Noct. attacks SOB (%) | 6.0 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 6.5 | ||
| Number of subjects | 1199 | 1170 | 1103 | 1114 | 1154 | 1069 | 1164 | 1117 | 1168 | 1222 | 1131 | 1118 | 1141 | 1111 | 1239 | ||
| FEV1 (l), unadjusted | 3.50 | 3.63 | 3.58 | 3.65 | 3.62 | 3.29 | 3.48 | 3.60 | 3.72 | 3.84 | 3.44 | 3.53 | 3.62 | 6.50 | 3.72 | ||
| FEV1 (l), adjusted3-150 | 3.38 | 3.50 | 3.47 | 3.52 | 3.52 | 3.43 | 3.48 | 3.48 | 3.50 | 3.48 | 3.41 | 3.44 | 3.49 | 3.51 | 3.53 | ||
| Number of subjects | 1191 | 1150 | 1072 | 1080 | 1140 | 1051 | 1143 | 1100 | 1141 | 1198 | 1116 | 1105 | 1124 | 1080 | 1208 | ||
| FVC (l), unadjusted | 4.48 | 4.60 | 4.56 | 4.64 | 4.56 | 4.20 | 4.40 | 4.55 | 4.76 | 4.89 | 4.41 | 4.50 | 4.62 | 4.64 | 4.68 | ||
| FVC (l), adjusted3-150 | 4.29 | 4.42 | 4.41 | 4.47 | 4.47 | 4.34 | 4.41 | 4.40 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.33 | 4.36 | 4.44 | 4.45 | 4.46 | ||