Odds ratios (unadjusted and adjusted) with 95% confidence interval for urban versus rural residence for exercise induced bronchospasm (EIB10 and EIB15)
5-150 Odds ratios were calculated with rural children as the reference category.
5-151 Host characteristics were breast feeding for less than six months and a family history of asthma symptoms.
5-152 Environmental characteristics were presence of animals in the homestead, ventilation (number of windows/room), parental education (years of education), use of biomass fuel and kerosene for cooking, and exposure to motor vehicle fumes on the way to school.