TY - JOUR T1 - Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma: a systematic review JF - Thorax JO - Thorax SP - 409 LP - 417 DO - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218214 VL - 78 IS - 4 AU - Alan G. Dawson AU - Kudzayi Kutywayo AU - Seid B. Mohammed AU - Dean A. Fennell AU - Apostolos Nakas Y1 - 2023/04/01 UR - http://thorax.bmj.com/content/78/4/409.abstract N2 - Introduction Cytoreductive surgery has been used a part of multimodality treatment in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The residual microscopic disease that remains will lead to disease progression in the majority of patients. Delivery of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy at the time of surgery has been used to address this microscopic disease, however it’s effect and place in the multimodality treatment sphere is unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of surgery and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy in patients with MPM on overall survival and disease-free interval.Methods Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from database inception through to June 2021. Studies reporting overall survival and/or disease-free interval in patients with MPM undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy were considered. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A narrative review was performed.Results Fifteen studies were eligible for inclusion comprising 598 patients. Surgery with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy was associated with a median overall survival and disease-free interval ranging from 11 to 75 months and 7.2 to 57 months, respectively. These appeared to be superior to patients not receiving hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (overall survival: 5–36 months and disease-free interval: 12.1–21 months). A higher dose of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy was associated with an improvement in overall survival compared with a lower dose: 18–31 months versus 6–18 months, respectively. The most common morbidity was atrial fibrillation followed by renal complications.Conclusion Surgery with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy offers a safe and effective therapy with an improvement in disease-free interval and overall survival, particularly when hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy is administered at a higher dose.PROSPERO registration number CRD42019129002.Most of the data used in this systematic review are included in the article and supplementary material. Where data were unpublished and obtained from the corresponding author of the relevant article, summary statistics can be requested upon reasonable request. ER -