TY - JOUR T1 - Rare cause of emphysema JF - Thorax JO - Thorax SP - 421 LP - 422 DO - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215561 VL - 76 IS - 4 AU - Tobias Matthieu Benoit AU - Rahel Schwotzer AU - Didier Schneiter AU - Jan Hendrik Rüschoff AU - Daniel Peter Franzen Y1 - 2021/04/01 UR - http://thorax.bmj.com/content/76/4/421.abstract N2 - A 52-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease GOLD 4, group D, and severe, heterogeneous pulmonary emphysema (figure 1) and marked hyperinflation was treated with bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (LVR) using endobronchial valves (EBVs) and, 6 months thereafter, bilateral thoracoscopic lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS), both after multidisciplinary team consensus. The interventions individually resulted in a clear but only short-term success due to rapid progression of emphysema and hyperinflation. After EBV treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) improved from 0.86 L (23% predicted) to 1.16 L (31% predicted), and residual volume (RV) improved from 5.14 L (219% predicted) to 4.93 L (210%). Only 4 months thereafter, FEV1 dropped to 0.68 L (18%), while RV increased to 5.84 L (266% predicted). At 3 months after LVRS, FEV1 increased again to 0.87 L (23% predicted), and RV decreased to 5.40 L (227% predicted). However, chest CT revealed progressive emphysematous changes, and the patient experienced increasing dyspnoea again. Negligible … ER -