PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Joerg Steier
AU  - Caroline J Jolley
AU  - Michael I Polkey
AU  - John Moxham
TI  - Nocturnal asthma monitoring by chest wall electromyography
AID  - 10.1136/thx.2010.152462
DP  - 2011 Jul 01
TA  - Thorax
PG  - 609--614
VI  - 66
IP  - 7
4099  - http://thorax.bmj.com/content/66/7/609.short
4100  - http://thorax.bmj.com/content/66/7/609.full
SO  - Thorax2011 Jul 01; 66
AB  - Rationale Patients with suboptimal asthma control often have nocturnal symptoms which wake them, causing sleep fragmentation.Objectives It was hypothesised that symptomatic patients were more accurately identified by measuring respiratory effort using chest wall electromyography than by pulmonary function testing.Methods Nocturnal electrical activity of the parasternal intercostal muscles (EMGpara) in the second intercostal space was measured in subjects with controlled (diurnal peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability <20%, n=12) and uncontrolled (diurnal PEF variability >20%, n=12) asthma, and it was compared with that in normal subjects (n=12).Results Subjects with controlled and uncontrolled asthma did not differ significantly in age (mean (SD) 42 (17) vs 46 (17) years, p=0.64), body mass index (BMI; 26.6 (2.9) vs 27.5 (3.5) kg/m2, p=0.48) or gender distribution (males:females, 6:6 vs 7:5, p=0.68); the normal subject group was younger (27 (11) years, p=0.011) and slimmer (BMI 21.1 (2.9) kg/m2, p<0.001). An elevated respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was associated with poor asthma control (RDI in normals 0.5 (0.9), in controlled asthma 4.0 (1.9), p<0.001, and in poorly controlled asthma 7.4 (4.3) h−1; p<0.021). Similarly, EMGpara%max (normals 4.9 (3.2)%max evening, 4.9 (3.5)%max morning) was higher in controlled asthma (7.2 (2.3)%max evening, 8.1 (4.0)%max morning, p=0.049) and higher still in uncontrolled asthma (16.8 (14.2)%max in the evening, 18.4 (11.6)%max in the morning, p<0.008).Conclusions Nocturnal respiratory effort is increased in those with asthma and neural respiratory drive is more variable in patients with poorly controlled asthma. Changes in the EMGpara inversely reflect changes in pulmonary function tests. Measuring the EMGpara offers a method to monitor asthma breath-by-breath while subjects are asleep, which could be adapted for home use.