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Online First

January 24, 2022

Respiratory epidemiology
Patients with presumed tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa that are not diagnosed with tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Shamanthi Jayasooriya, Francesca Dimambro-Denson, Claire Beecroft, Julie Balen, Babatunde Awokola, Caroline Mitchell, Beate Kampmann, Fiona Campbell, Pete Dodd, Kevin Mortimer

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217663

January 21, 2022

Sleep
Neural ventilatory drive decline as a predominant mechanism of obstructive sleep apnoea events

Laura K Gell, Daniel Vena, Raichel M Alex, Ali Azarbarzin, Nicole Calianese, Lauren B Hess, Luigi Taranto-Montemurro, David P White, Andrew Wellman, Scott A Sands

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217756
Editorial
Being obstructive in sleep apnoea: more of a drive than a load problem?

Yuan-Ming Luo, Michael I Polkey

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218437

January 19, 2022

Asthma
Height and bone mineral content after inhaled corticosteroid use in the first 6 years of life

Asja Kunøe, Astrid Sevelsted, Bo L K Chawes, Jakob Stokholm, Martin Krakauer, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216755

January 17, 2022

Brief communication
Expression of interferon-γ and its effect on cough hypersensitivity in chronic refractory cough patients

Jiayang Sun, Chen Zhan, Zheng Deng, Wei Luo, Qiaoli Chen, Mei Jiang, Nanshan Zhong, Kefang Lai

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218403
Case based discussion
Management of a complex thoracic infection, one compartment at a time

Ahmed Elhoffy, Alaa Amin, Ahmed S Sadaka, Maged Hassan

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218475
Non-invasive ventilation
SARS-CoV-2 environmental contamination from hospitalised patients with COVID-19 receiving aerosol-generating procedures

Rebecca L Winslow, Jie Zhou, Ella F Windle, Intesar Nur, Ranjit Lall, Chen Ji, Jonathan Edward Millar, Paul M Dark, Jay Naisbitt, Anita Simonds, Jake Dunning, Wendy Barclay, John Kenneth Baillie, Gavin D Perkins, Malcolm Gracie Semple, Daniel Francis McAuley, Christopher A Green

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218035

January 13, 2022

Respiratory infection
Multicentre evaluation of two multiplex PCR platforms for the rapid microbiological investigation of nosocomial pneumonia in UK ICUs: the INHALE WP1 study

Virve I Enne, Alp Aydin, Rossella Baldan, Dewi R Owen, Hollian Richardson, Federico Ricciardi, Charlotte Russell, Brenda O Nomamiukor-Ikeji, Ann-Marie Swart, Juliet High, Antony Colles, Julie Barber, Vanya Gant, David M Livermore, Justin O’Grady INHALE WP1 Study Group

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216990
Brief communication
Inhaled corticosteroids reduce senescence in endothelial progenitor cells from patients with COPD

Koralia Paschalaki, Christos Rossios, Charis Pericleous, Mairi MacLeod, Stephen Rothery, Gavin C Donaldson, Jadwiga A Wedzicha, Vassilis Gorgoulis, Anna M Randi, Peter J Barnes

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216807

January 11, 2022

State of the art review
Lung epithelial cells interact with immune cells and bacteria to shape the microenvironment in tuberculosis

Amy M de Waal, Pieter S Hiemstra, Tom HM Ottenhoff, Simone A Joosten, Anne M van der Does

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217997
Respiratory infection
Bacterial biofilms predominate in both acute and chronic human lung infections

Mette Kolpen, Kasper Nørskov Kragh, Juan Barraza Enciso, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Birgitte Lindegaard, Gertrud Baunbæk Egelund, Andreas Vestergaard Jensen, Pernille Ravn, Inger Hee Mabuza Mathiesen, Alexandra Gabriella Gheorge, Frederik Boëtius Hertz, Tavs Qvist, Marvin Whiteley, Peter Østrup Jensen, Thomas Bjarnsholt

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217576

January 10, 2022

Editorial
Beware, vaping e-cigarettes around children is adversely impacting their lung health

Ana Lucia Fuentes, Laura E Crotty Alexander

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218168
Environmental exposure
Secondhand nicotine vaping at home and respiratory symptoms in young adults

Talat Islam, Jessica Braymiller, Sandrah P Eckel, Feifei Liu, Alayna P Tackett, Meghan E Rebuli, Jessica Barrington-Trimis, Rob McConnell

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217041

January 07, 2022

Pulmonary puzzle
Just another “?PE”

Patrick Timmons, Adam Williamson, Lindsay Reid

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217987
Tuberculosis
High-dose rifamycins in the treatment of TB: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Omri A Arbiv, JeongMin M Kim, Marie Yan, Kamila Romanowski, Jonathon R Campbell, Anete Trajman, Leyla Asadi, Federica Fregonese, Nicholas Winters, Dick Menzies, James C Johnston

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216497
Brief communication
Common idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis risk variants are associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Haruhiko Furusawa, Anna L Peljto, Avram D Walts, Jonathan Cardwell, Philip L Molyneaux, Joyce S Lee, Evans R Fernández Pérez, Paul J Wolters, Ivana V Yang, David A Schwartz

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217693
Editorial
Does impaired respiratory function lead to sudden cardiac death?

Rebecca F D'Cruz, Georgios Kaltsakas

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218296
Commentary
A syndrome by any other name: playing the long-term outcome CARDS

Andrea R Levine, Carl Shanholtz

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218279
Case based discussion
Lemierre’s syndrome masking metastatic lung adenocarcinoma

Revati Naran, Vruti Dattani, Yasser Madani

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217330

December 27, 2021

Pulmonary puzzle
Haemoptysis with a Danish connection

Abdullahi Omar Mohamud, Dominic Fudge, Ben G Marshall, Charles Peebles

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218042

December 23, 2021

Editorial
Vectura and Philip Morris: the leopard has not changed its spots
Free

Nicholas S Hopkinson

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218328
Asthma
Plasma adiponectin and risk of asthma: observational analysis, genetic Mendelian randomisation and meta-analysis

Maria Booth Nielsen, Børge G Nordestgaard, Marianne Benn, Yunus Çolak

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217675
Interstitial lung disease
Relative environmental and social disadvantage in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Na'ama Avitzur, Elizabeth M Noth, Mubasiru Lamidi, Steven D Nathan, Harold R Collard, Alison M DeDent, Neeta Thakur, Kerri A Johannson

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217652

December 22, 2021

Editorial
Getting innovative bronchoscopic techniques into real clinical practice

Christophe Dooms, Jonas Yserbyt

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217745
Tuberculosis
Respiratory symptoms and lung function in patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi: a prospective cohort study

Rebecca Nightingale, Beatrice Chinoko, Maia Lesosky, Sarah J Rylance, Bright Mnesa, Ndaziona Peter Kwanjo Banda, Elizabeth Joekes, Stephen Bertel Squire, Kevin Mortimer, Jamilah Meghji, Jamie Rylance

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217190
Editorial
Improving the lives of individuals with chronic respiratory disease: the need for innovation

Linda Nici

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218318

December 09, 2021

Lung cancer
Comparative accuracy and cost-effectiveness of dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and positron emission tomography in the characterisation of solitary pulmonary nodules

Fiona J Gilbert, Scott Harris, Kenneth A Miles, Jonathan R Weir-McCall, Nagmi R Qureshi, Robert Campbell Rintoul, Sabina Dizdarevic, Lucy Pike, Donald Sinclair, Andrew Shah, Rosemary Eaton, Jeremy Jones, Andrew Clegg, Valerio Benedetto, James Hill, Andrew Cook, Dimitrios Tzelis, Luke Vale, Lucy Brindle, Jackie Madden, Kelly Cozens, Louisa Little, Kathrin Eichhorst, Patricia Moate, Chris McClement, Charles Peebles, Anindo Banerjee, Sai Han, Fat-Wui Poon, Ashley M Groves, Lutfi Kurban, Anthony Frew, Matthew E J Callister, Phil A Crosbie, Fergus Vincent Gleeson, Kavitasagary Karunasaagarar, Osei Kankam, Steve George

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216948

December 07, 2021

Tuberculosis
Effect modification of greenness on PM_2.5 associated all-cause mortality in a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cohort

Erjia Ge, Jianhui Gao, Xiaolin Wei, Zhoupeng Ren, Jing Wei, Xin Liu, Xiaomeng Wang, Jieming Zhong, Jingru Lu, Xiaomei Tian, Fangrong Fei, Bin Chen, Xiaolin Wang, Ying Peng, Ming Luo, Juan Lei

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216819
Tuberculosis
Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assays in children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis: a cross-sectional multicentre study

Aleix Soler-Garcia, Anna Gamell, Tomàs Pérez-Porcuna, Antonio Soriano-Arandes, Begoña Santiago, Teresa Tórtola, María Jesús Ruiz-Serrano, José Javier Korta Murua, Matilde Bustillo-Alonso, María Isabel Garrote-Llanos, Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Ana Isabel Piqueras, Alfredo Tagarro, Manuel Monsonís, Marc Tebruegge, Antoni Noguera-Julian On behalf of the QFT-Plus Study Group of the Spanish Pediatric TB Research Network

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217592
Asthma
Effect of CRTH2 antagonism on the response to experimental rhinovirus infection in asthma: a pilot randomised controlled trial

Hugo Farne, Nicholas Glanville, Nicholas Johnson, Tata Kebadze, Julia Aniscenko, Eteri Regis, Jie Zhu, Maria-Belen Trujillo-Torralbo, Onn Min Kon, Patrick Mallia, A Toby Prevost, Michael R Edwards, Sebastian L Johnston, Aran Singanayagam, David J Jackson

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217429

December 06, 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease: a randomised controlled equivalence trial

Narelle S Cox, Christine F McDonald, Ajay Mahal, Jennifer A Alison, Richard Wootton, Catherine J Hill, Paolo Zanaboni, Paul O'Halloran, Janet Bondarenko, Heather Macdonald, Kathryn Barker, Hayley Crute, Christie Mellerick, Bruna Wageck, Helen Boursinos, Aroub Lahham, Amanda Nichols, Pawel Czupryn, Monique Corbett, Emma Handley, Angela T Burge, Anne E Holland

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216934
Asthma
Disadvantage in early-life and persistent asthma in adolescents: a UK cohort study

Hanna Creese, Eric Lai, Kate Mason, Daniela K Schlüter, Sejal Saglani, David Taylor-Robinson, Sonia Saxena

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217312

December 03, 2021

Paediatric lung disease
Higher exhaled nitric oxide at 6 weeks of age is associated with less bronchiolitis and wheeze in the first 12 months of age

Carla Rebeca Da Silva Sena, Ediane de Queiroz Andrade, Patricia de Gouveia Belinelo, Elizabeth Percival, Benjamin Prangemeier, Christopher O'Donoghue, Sandrine Terry, Tanya Burke, William Gunning, Vanessa E Murphy, Paul D Robinson, Peter D Sly, Peter G Gibson, Adam M Collison, Joerg Mattes

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217299

December 01, 2021

Images in Thorax
Reversible bronchiectasis
Free

Chuan Tai Foo, Sumit Karia, Jurgen Herre

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217548
Lung cancer
Tumour-infiltrating bystander CD8⁺ T cells activated by IL-15 contribute to tumour control in non-small cell lung cancer

Galam Leem, Minwoo Jeon, Kun Woo Kim, Seongju Jeong, Seong Jin Choi, Yong Joon Lee, Eui-Soon Kim, Jae-Ik Lee, Seung Yeon Ha, Su-Hyung Park, Hyo Sup Shim, Jin Gu Lee, Shin Myung Kang, Eui-Cheol Shin

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217001
Skeletal muscle
CT pectoralis muscle area is associated with DXA lean mass and correlates with emphysema progression in a tobacco-exposed cohort

Michael Emmet O'Brien, Richard H Zou, Nathan Hyre, Joseph K Leader, Carl R Fuhrman, Frank C Sciurba, Mehdi Nouraie, Jessica Bon

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217710
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Dietary nitrate supplementation to enhance exercise capacity in hypoxic COPD: EDEN-OX, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised cross-over study

Matthew J Pavitt, Adam Lewis, Sara C Buttery, Bernadette O Fernandez, Monika Mikus-Lelinska, Winston A S Banya, Martin Feelisch, Michael I Polkey, Nicholas S Hopkinson

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217147
Editorial
What shall we learn from TEACH?

Donald VanDevanter, John Lipuma

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218240
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Previous tuberculosis disease as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional analysis of multicountry, population-based studies

Katarina Kamenar, Shakir Hossen, Akshay N Gupte, Trishul Siddharthan, Suzanne Pollard, Muhammad Chowdhury, Adolfo L Rubinstein, Vilma E Irazola, Laura Gutierrez, J Jaime Miranda, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Dewan Alam, Bruce Kirenga, Rupert C Jones, Frederik van Gemert, Robert A Wise, William Checkley

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216500
Editorial
TB and COPD in low-income settings: a collision of old foes

Jamilah Meghji, Kevin Mortimer, Stellah Mpangama

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218220

November 30, 2021

Respiratory infection
Risk factors for developing COVID-19: a population-based longitudinal study (COVIDENCE UK)
Free

Hayley Holt, Mohammad Talaei, Matthew Greenig, Dominik Zenner, Jane Symons, Clare Relton, Katherine S Young, Molly R Davies, Katherine N Thompson, Jed Ashman, Sultan Saeed Rajpoot, Ahmed Ali Kayyale, Sarah El Rifai, Philippa J Lloyd, David Jolliffe, Olivia Timmis, Sarah Finer, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Alec Miners, Nicholas S Hopkinson, Bodrul Alam, Graham Lloyd-Jones, Thomas Dietrich, Iain Chapple, Paul E Pfeffer, David McCoy, Gwyneth Davies, Ronan A Lyons, Christopher Griffiths, Frank Kee, Aziz Sheikh, Gerome Breen, Seif O Shaheen, Adrian R Martineau

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217487
Tuberculosis
A prospective longitudinal study of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia (APICAL)

Findra Setianingrum, Anna Rozaliyani, Robiatul Adawiyah, Ridhawati Syam, Mulyati Tugiran, Cut Yulia Indah Sari, Finny Nandipinto, Johannes Ramnath, Arief Riadi Arifin, Diah Handayani, Erlina Burhan, Martin Rumende, Retno Wahyuningsih, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson, David W Denning

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216464

November 26, 2021

Editorial
Eosinophil granule proteins: what they can tell us about asthma

Ji-Hyang Lee, Tae-Bum Kim

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218268
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Benefit–harm analysis of azithromycin for the prevention of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Safa Ahmadian, Don D Sin, Larry Lynd, Mark Harrison, Mohsen Sadatsafavi

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217962
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cost-effectiveness of domiciliary non-invasive ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

James Hall, Alice Margaret Turner, Janine Dretzke, David Moore, Sue Jowett

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217463

November 24, 2021

Respiratory epidemiology
COVID-19 hospital activity and in-hospital mortality during the first and second waves of the pandemic in England: an observational study
Free

William K Gray, Annakan V Navaratnam, Jamie Day, Julia Wendon, Tim W R Briggs

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218025

November 22, 2021

Respiratory research
Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol

Stephen R Knight, Rishi K Gupta, Antonia Ho, Riinu Pius, Iain Buchan, Gail Carson, Thomas M Drake, Jake Dunning, Cameron J Fairfield, Carrol Gamble, Christopher A Green, Sophie Halpin, Hayley E Hardwick, Karl A Holden, Peter W Horby, Clare Jackson, Kenneth A Mclean, Laura Merson, Jonathan S Nguyen-Van-Tam, Lisa Norman, Piero L Olliaro, Mark G Pritchard, Clark D Russell, Catherine A Shaw, Aziz Sheikh, Tom Solomon, Cathie Sudlow, Olivia V Swann, Lance C W Turtle, Peter J M Openshaw, J Kenneth Baillie, Annemarie Docherty, Malcolm G Semple, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Ewen M Harrison ISARIC Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC4C) Investigators, On behalf of the ISARIC4C investigators

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217629

November 17, 2021

Bronchiectasis
Dysregulation of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and lipoxin A₄ in bronchiectasis

Pallavi Bedi, Kerstin Ziegler, Phil D Whitfield, Donald Davidson, Adriano Giorgio Rossi, Adam T Hill

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216475

November 15, 2021

Respiratory epidemiology
External validation of the QCovid risk prediction algorithm for risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality in adults: national validation cohort study in Scotland

Colin R Simpson, Chris Robertson, Steven Kerr, Ting Shi, Eleftheria Vasileiou, Emily Moore, Colin McCowan, Utkarsh Agrawal, Annemarie Docherty, Rachel Mulholland, Josie Murray, Lewis Duthie Ritchie, Jim McMenamin, Julia Hippisley-Cox, Aziz Sheikh

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217580
Editorial
QCOVID in Scotland: time to recalibrate our expectations?
Free

Rishi K Gupta, Maarten van Smeden

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218169

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