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  • T4 Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Reduces Rate, Density And Duration Of Experimental Human Pneumococcal Colonisation: First Human Challenge Testing Of A Pneumococcal Vaccine

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Early career investigator symposium
T4 Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Reduces Rate, Density And Duration Of Experimental Human Pneumococcal Colonisation: First Human Challenge Testing Of A Pneumococcal Vaccine
  1. AM Collins1,
  2. AD Wright2,
  3. E Mitsi3,
  4. JF Gritzfeld3,
  5. C Hancock1,
  6. D Shaw1,
  7. SH Pennington3,
  8. B Morton3,
  9. DM Ferreira3,
  10. SB Gordon3
  1. 1Respiratory Infection Group, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital Trust, Liverpool, UK
  2. 2Respiratory Infection Group, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital Trust and Local Comprehensive Research Network, Liverpool, UK
  3. 3Respiratory Infection Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, L3 5QA, Liverpool, UK

Abstract

Objective To determine the effect of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-13) on experimental pneumococcal colonisation compared to Hepatitis A vaccination (control) in healthy participants.

Design Double blind randomised controlled trial.

Setting Clinical Research Unit in the Royal Liverpool University Hospital.

Participants 99 healthy participants aged 18–50 years were randomly assigned to receive PCV-13 (n = 49) or Hepatitis A (n = 50) vaccination according to a randomisation plan in blocks of ten.

Interventions Participants previously vaccinated with PCV or control were inoculated after 4 weeks with 80,000C FU/100 µl pneumococcal bacteria (6B) 100 µl per naris. Participants were followed up for 21 days to determine pneumococcal colonisation by culture of nasal wash samples.

Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the culture of type 6B pneumococcus at either day 2, 7, 14 or 21 following inoculation. Secondary outcome measures included the density and duration of pneumococcal colonisation post inoculation of 6B and the presence of any other naturally acquired pneumococcal strains.

Results The PCV group showed a significantly reduced experimental colonisation rate 5/48 compared to the control group 23/48 (<0.001) [Figure 1]. Both the density and duration of colonisation were reduced in the PCV group compared to the control group following inoculation. The area under the density-time curve (total exposure) was significantly reduced in the PCV compared to control group (mean 8902 vs 267580 p = 0.0179).

Abstract T4 Figure 1
Abstract T4 Figure 1

Percentage of participants’ colonised and non-colonised by 6B pneumococcus assessed using classical microbiology according to vaccination group at any time point

Conclusion PCV reduces pneumococcal colonisation rate, density and duration in healthy adults. The Experimental Human Pneumococcal Colonisation (EHPC) model is a safe, effective and efficient method of analysing the efficacy of vaccination on pneumococcal colonisation. We suggest that this novel EHPC model can now be used as a platform for future pneumococcal vaccine testing, using small sample sizes and shorter time scales than community studies in order to reduce time and cost to market. We recommend that carriage rate, density and duration are all measured in these studies.

Trial registration.

EudraCT: 2012-005141-20.

ISRCTN: 45340436.

https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.4

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