Abstract
Many biological programs are regulated at the transcriptional level. This is generally achieved by the concerted actions of several transcription factors. Recent findings have shown that, in many cases, transcriptional coactivators coordinate the overall regulation of the biological programs. One of the best-studied examples of coactivator control of metabolic pathways is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1 (PGC-1) family. These proteins are strong activators of mitochondrial function and are thus dominant regulators of oxidative metabolism in a variety of tissues. The PGC-1 coactivators themselves are subject to powerful regulation at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels. Recent studies have elucidated the function of the PGC-1 coactivators in different tissues and have highlighted the implications of PGC-1 dysregulation in diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiomyopathy, or neurodegeneration.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Cardiomyopathies / genetics
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Cardiomyopathies / physiopathology
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Carrier Proteins / genetics
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Carrier Proteins / physiology*
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Diabetes Mellitus / genetics
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Diabetes Mellitus / physiopathology
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Energy Metabolism / genetics
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Energy Metabolism / physiology*
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Heat-Shock Proteins / genetics
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Heat-Shock Proteins / physiology*
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Homeostasis / genetics
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Homeostasis / physiology*
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Humans
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Mitochondrial Diseases / genetics
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Mitochondrial Diseases / physiopathology
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / genetics
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / physiopathology
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Obesity / genetics
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Obesity / physiopathology
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
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RNA-Binding Proteins
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / physiology*
Substances
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Carrier Proteins
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Heat-Shock Proteins
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PPARGC1A protein, human
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PPARGC1B protein, human
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
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RNA-Binding Proteins
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Transcription Factors