Chest
Original ResearchCOPDThe Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD: Frequency and Associated Consequences for Systemic Inflammation and Physical Inactivity
Section snippets
Study Population
One hundred seventy stable outpatients with COPD of different levels of severity (128 men and 42 women) and 30 patients with CB (23 men and 7 women) were investigated between February and November 2006 at the Pulmonary Research Institute at Hospital Grosshansdorf, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Details of the COPD population and lung function methodology have been published elsewhere.13 Patients with COPD had to be free from exacerbation for at least 2 months. They were classified according to
Results
Characteristics of the patients are given in Table 1, Table 2. The frequencies of the metabolic syndrome in patients with CB, GOLD stages I, II, III, and IV, were 53%, 50%, 53%, 37%, and 44%, respectively (average, 47.5%) [Table 2]. The presence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with CB and COPD was associated with significantly higher levels of hs-CRP and interleukin-6 compared with patients without metabolic syndrome (Fig 1A and B). Fibrinogen levels did not differ between patients with
Discussion
The main finding of our study was that a considerable number of patients with CB and COPD of different severities have a coexisting metabolic syndrome, and that the coexisting metabolic syndrome is associated with an increase in the levels of some systemic inflammatory markers and physical inactivity in these patients, irrespective of lung function impairment.
In our study, at least one-half of the patients with CB, GOLD stage I, and GOLD stage II had a coexisting metabolic syndrome. This
Acknowledgments
Author contributions: Dr. Watz planned this study, collected the data for this study, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. Dr. Waschki collected the data for this study, analyzed the data, and assisted with writing and statistical analysis. Dr. Kirsten analyzed the data, and assisted with writing of the manuscript. Dr. Müller collected the data for this study and assisted with writing of the manuscript. Dr. Kretschmar analyzed the data and assisted with writing of the manuscript. Dr.
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2021, Ageing Research ReviewsCitation Excerpt :Adipose tissue dysfunction, a feature of obesity is also associated with increases in systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and frailty in ageing (Stout et al., 2017). Indeed, patients with COPD and severe asthma have a higher probability of being obese or have metabolic syndrome than people without disease (Park et al., 2018; Watz et al., 2009). Furthermore, obese people are more likely to die or endure long-term morbidity from ARDS when compared to non-obese people of the same-age group (Popkin et al., 2020).
Funding/Support: This study was supported by Deutsche Rentenversicherung Nord, the Dr. Fritz Meyer Struckmann Foundation, and an unrestricted research grant from AstraZeneca.
The work was performed at the Pulmonary Research Institute at Hospital Grosshansdorf, Center for Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery, Grosshansdorf, Germany.
Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians (www.chestjournal.org/site/misc/reprints.xhtml).