Int J Sports Med 2002; 23(8): 549-554
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35530
Physiology & Biochemistry

© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Effects of Salbutamol and Caffeine Ingestion on Exercise Metabolism and Performance

K.  Collomp1, 2 , R.  Candau3 , G.  Millet3 , P.  Mucci4 , F.  Borrani3 , C.  Préfaut5 , J.  De Ceaurriz1
  • 1Laboratoire National de Dépistage du Dopage, Chatenay-Malabry, France
  • 2Laboratoire de la Performance Motrice, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Orléans, France
  • 3JE 147, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Montpellier, France
  • 4UFR STAPS, Liévin, France
  • 5Service Central de Physiologie Clinique, Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
Further Information

Publication History



Accepted after revision: April 30, 2002

Publication Date:
19 November 2002 (online)

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the effects of acute oral salbutamol and caffeine intake on performance and metabolism during short-term endurance exercise. Eight healthy volunteers participated in the double-blind placebo-controlled randomized cross-over study. Two 10 min cycling trials were performed at a power corresponding to 90 % V˙O2max for the first and a mock test for the second, separated by 10 min of passive recovery after ingestion of placebo (Pla), salbutamol (Sal, 6 mg) and caffeine (Caf, 250 mg). Performance (mean power during the mock test) was not statistically significant between the 3 treatments. Blood lactate was significantly increased after Sal compared to Pla at rest and until the end of the mock test whereas it appeared significantly increased after Caf compared to Pla at the end of the two exercises. Sal increased basal blood glucose and both Sal and Caf induced significant higher plasma insulin concentrations at rest, at the end of the mock test and during the recovery compared to Pla. No significant changes were found in these three variables between the Sal and the Caf treatments. Plasma growth hormone was significantly decreased after Sal after the mock test compared to the two other treatments. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, neither oral salbutamol nor caffeine intake produce enhancement of short-term performance in non-specific trained subjects despite the substantial shifts in metabolic and hormonal parameters which were found.

References

  • 1 Arsac L, Belli A, Lacour J R. Muscle function during brief maximal exercise: accurate measurements on a friction-loaded cycle ergometer.  Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1996;  74 100-106
  • 2 Borg G. Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress.  Scand J Rehabil Med. 1970;  2 92-98
  • 3 Bruce C, Anderson M, Fraser S, Stepto N, Klein R, Hopkins W, Hawley J. Enhancement of 2000-m rowing performance after caffeine ingestion.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;  32 1958-1963
  • 4 Chesley A, Howlett R, Heigenhauser G, Hultman E, Spriet L. Regulation of glycogenolytic flux during intense aerobic exercise after caffeine ingestion.  Am J Physiol. 1998;  275 R596-R603
  • 5 Collomp K, Ahmaidi S, Chatard J C, Audran M, Préfaut C. Benefits of caffeine ingestion on sprint performance in trained and untrained swimmers.  Eur J Appl Physiol. 1992;  64 377-380
  • 6 Collomp K, Candau R, Collomp R, Carra J, Lasne F, Préfaut C, de Ceaurriz J. Effects of acute ingestion of salbutamol during submaximal exercise.  Int J Sports Med. 2000;  21 480-484
  • 7 Costill D, Dalsky G, Fink W. Effects of caffeine ingestion on metabolism and exercise performance.  Med Sci Sports. 1978;  10 155-158
  • 8 Fleck S, Lucia A, Storms W, Wallach J, Vint P, Zimmerman S. Effects of acute inhalation of albuterol on submaximal and maximal VO2 and blood lactate.  Int J Sports Med. 1993;  14 239-243
  • 9 Ghigo E, Valetto M, Gaggero L, Visce A, Valente F, Bellone J, Castello D, Camanni F. Therapeutical doses of salbutamol inhibit the somatotropic responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing hormone in asthmatic children.  J Endocrinol Invest. 1993;  16 271-275
  • 10 Giustina A, Malerba M, Bresciani E, Desenzani P, Licini M, Zaltieri G, Grassi V. Effect of two β2-agonist drugs, salbutamol and broxaterol, on the growth hormone response to exercise in adult patients with asthmatic bronchitis.  J Endocrinol Invest. 1995;  18 847-852
  • 11 Goldberg R, van As M, Joffe B, Krut L, Bersohn I, Seftel H. Metabolic responses to selective β-adrenergic stimulation in man.  Postgrad Med J. 1975;  51 53-58
  • 12 Graham T, Rush J, van Soeren M. Caffeine and exercise: metabolism and performance.  Can J Appl Physiol. 1994;  19 111-138
  • 13 Graham T, Spriet L. Metabolic, catecholamine, and exercise performance responses to various doses of caffeine.  J Appl Physiol. 1995;  78 867-874
  • 14 Graham T, Sathasivam P, Rowland M, Marko N, Greer F, Battram D. Caffeine ingestion elevates plasma insulin response in humans during an oral glucose tolerance test.  Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001;  79 559-565
  • 15 Granier P, Mercier B, Mercier J, Anselme F, Préfaut C. Aerobic and anaerobic contribution to Wingate test performance in sprint and middle-distance runners.  Eur J Appl Physiol. 1995;  70 58-65
  • 16 Hetzler R, Knowlton R, Somani B, Brown D, Perkins R. Effect of paraxanthine on FFA mobilization after intravenous caffeine administration in humans.  J Appl Physiol. 1990;  68 44-47
  • 17 Hopkins W, Hawley J, Burke L. Design and analysis of research on sport performance enhancement.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;  31 472-485
  • 18 International Olympic Committee .List of doping classes and methods. 2001
  • 19 Kendall M, Clark N, Haffner C, Kong J, Hughes B. Investigation of the effects of beta-2 stimulation on free fatty acids in man.  J Clin Pharm Ther. 1991;  16 31-40
  • 20 Larsson K, Gavhed D, Larsson L, Holmer I, Jorfelt L, Ohlsen P. Influence of a β2-agonist on physical performance at low temperature in elite athletes.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997;  29 1631-1636
  • 21 Lovallo W, Al'Absi M, Blick K, Whitsett T, Wilson M. Stress-like adrenocorticotropin responses to caffeine in young healthy men.  Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1996;  55 365-369
  • 22 McKenzie S, Rhodes E, Stirling D, Wiley J, Dunwoody D, Filsinger I. Salbutamol and treadmill performance in non-atopic athletes.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1983;  15 520-522
  • 23 Meeuwisse W, McKenzie D, Hopkins S, Road J. The effect of salbutamol on performance in elite nonasthmatic athletes.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992;  24 1161-1166
  • 24 Olah M, Stiles G. Adenosine receptor subtypes: Characterization and therapeutic regulation.  Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995;  35 581-601
  • 25 Pasman W, van Baak M, Jeukendrup A, de Haan A. The effect of different dosages of caffeine on endurance performance time.  Int J Sports Med. 1995;  16 225-230
  • 26 Paton C, Hopkins W. Tests of cycling performance.  Sports Med. 2001;  31 489-496
  • 27 Price A, Clissold S. Salbutamol in the 1980s. A reappraisal of its clinical efficacy.  Drugs. 1989;  38 77-122
  • 28 Raguso C, Coggan A, Sidossis L, Gastaldelli A, Wolfe R. Effect of theophylline on substrate metabolism during exercise.  Metabolism. 1996;  45 1153-1160
  • 29 Richter E, Ruderman N, Gavras H, Belur E, Galbo H. Muscle glycogenolysis during exercise: dual control by epinephrine and contractions.  Am J Physiol. 1982;  242 E25-E32
  • 30 Rizza R, Cryer P, Haymond M, Gerich J. Adrenergic mechanisms of catecholamine action on glucose homeostasis in man.  Metabolism. 1980;  29 1155-1163
  • 31 Robertson D, Wade D, Workman R, Woosley R, Oates J. Tolerance to the humoral and hemodynamic effects of caffeine in man.  J Clin Invest. 1981;  67 1111-1117
  • 32 Rolf Smith S, Kendall M. Metabolic responses to β2 stimulants.  J R Coll Chest Physiol. 1984;  18 190-194
  • 33 Schiffelers S, van Harmelin V, de Grauw H, Saris W, van Baak M. Dobutamine as selective β1-adrenoceptor agonist in in vivo studies on human thermogenesis and lipid utilization.  J Appl Physiol. 1999;  87 977-981
  • 34 Sinclair C, Geiger J. Caffeine use in sports.  J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000;  40 71-79
  • 35 Tarnopolsky M, Cupido C. Caffeine potentiates low frequency skeletal muscle force in habitual and nonhabitual caffeine consumers.  J Appl Physiol. 2000;  89 1719-1724
  • 36 Trice I, Haymes E. Effects of caffeine ingestion on exercise-induced changes during high-intensity, intermittent exercise.  Int J Sport Nutr. 1995;  5 37-44
  • 37 van Baak M, Saris W. The effect of caffeine on endurance performance after nonselective β-adrenergic blockade.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;  32 499-503
  • 38 van Baak M, Mayer L, Kempinski R, Hartgens F. Effect of salbutamol on muscle strength and endurance performance in nonasthmatic men.  Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;  32 1300-1306
  • 39 Vergauwen L, Richter E, Hespel P. Adenosine exerts a glycogen sparing action in contracting rat skeletal muscle.  Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1997;  272 E762-E768

K. Collomp

Laboratoire National de Dépistage du Dopage · CREPS

143, Av Roger Salengro · 92290 Chatenay-Malabry · France ·

Phone: +33 (146) 60 28 69

Fax: +33 (146) 60 30 17

Email: LNDD.France@wanadoo.fr

    >