Dossier: AIDSThe susceptibility of macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 X4 isolates dependson their activation state
Section snippets
Reagents
Recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) was from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) CD4 (phycoerythrin [PE]-Leu3a), CD14 (fluorescein isothiocyanate [FITC]-LeuM3) were from Becton-Dickinson (Mountain View, CA). Anti-CCR5, -CCR3 and -CXCR4 mAbs were from the NIH AIDS Reagent Program (Bethesda, MD) or from R&D Systems.
Cells
Buffy-coat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were isolated by Ficoll-Paque (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden)
Susceptiblity of monocyte-derived macrophages to HIV-1Lai/X4 isolate
As reported, macrophages generated under either condition, i.e., MDM-5d or MDM-MCSF, expressed comparable CXCR4 and CCR5 levels [1]. Here, we analysed the susceptibilty of these two macrophage populations to X4 HIV-1Lai infection. Exposure of MDM-MCSF to 500 TCID50 HIV-1Lai did not result in production of detectable p24 in supernatants (figure 1), even over three to four weeks of culture (data not shown). HIV-1Lai-exposed MDM-5d produced p24 that did not exceed 200 pg/mL (i.e., 500- to
Discussion
Macrophages are important targets of HIV-1 in vivo and serve as reservoirs for viral persistence. In fact, macrophages express CD4, CCR5, and CXCR4 1, 7, 27, but the ability of macrophage chemokine receptors to support HIV-1 entry and infection is both cell- and strain-specific. Actually, it has been described that macrophages are permissive for R5 and dual-tropic R5X4 viruses but not for X4 strains 7, 23, 27. Recent data showed that this restricted susceptibility of macrophages to such strains
Acknowledgements
We thank Birgitta Äsjo (Bergen, Norway) for the gift of HIV-1BaL, and the NIH AIDS Reagent Program (Bethesda, MD) for providing anti-CCR5, -CCR3 and -CXCR4 mAbs. This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le SIDA (ANRS), Ensemble contre le SIDA - Sidaction, and the Moroccan Programme d’Appui à la Recherche Scientifique (PARS). YB is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from ANRS.
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