Table 1

Baseline characteristics of AHRF cohort (n=1268)

Demographics
 Age, years, median (IQR)79 (72–85)
 Male, n (%)589 (46.5%)
 Race, n (%)
   White/Caucasian1017 (80.2%)
   Black/African American220 (17.4%)
   Other31 (2.4%)
 Hispanic, n (%)96 (8.4%)
 Married or partnered, n (%)591 (46.6%)
Economic status
 Total wealth
   Quintile 5 positive assets172 (13.7%)
   Quintile 4 positive assets186 (14.7%)
   Quintile 3 positive assets186 (14.7%)
   Quintile 2 positive assets242 (19.2%)
   Quintile 1 positive assets324 (25.7%)
   Net negative or zero assets150 (11.9%)
 Government assistance120 (9.6%)
Pre-AHRF health status
 Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)2 (0–4)
   Congestive heart failure387 (30.5%)
   Dementia97 (7.7%)
 IADL/ADL limitations, median (IQR)1 (0–5)
 Self-rating of health, n (%)
   Excellent31 (2.5%)
   Very good150 (11.9%)
   Good300 (23.7%)
   Fair391 (30.9%)
   Poor394 (31.1%)
 Body mass index, n (%)
   Very severely obese57 (4.6%)
   Severely obese73 (5.9%)
   Obese164 (13.2%)
   Overweight355 (28.6%)
   Normal499 (40.2%)
   Underweight94 (7.6%)
 Multivariable risk for AHRF5.9% (3.4%–10.7%)
Pre-AHRF healthcare use
 Hospitalisations in prior year, median (IQR)1 (0–2)
 AHRF in prior year, n (%)151 (11.9%)
 Residence in a nursing home, n (%)142 (11.2%)
Hospitalisation diagnoses
 Risk factor for direct AHRF766 (60.4%)
   Pneumonia570 (45.0%)
   Aspiration228 (18.0%)
 Risk factor for indirect AHRF890 (70.2%)
   Non-pulmonary infection834 (65.8%)
   Trauma71 (5.6%)
   Pancreatitis16 (1.3%)

  • AHRF, acute hypoxic respiratory failure; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living.