Table 2

Respiratory symptoms in resource-limited settings without access to ART

First author	Year of publication	Study location	Total N	% HIV+	HIV+ on ART (%)	Mean/median blood CD4*	% HIV+ Smokers	% HIV− smokers	Definition of cough used	% HIV+ with cough	% HIV− with cough	Definition of breathlessness	% HIV+ with breathlessness	% HIV− with breathlessness
Lepage13	1991	Rwanda	431	50	0	24% CD4:CD8 <0.5	NR	NR	Persistent cough >1 month	14	7
Norrgren16	1998	Guinea-Bissau	2215	9	0	715 (men) 430 (women)	NR	NR	Cough >1 month	3	1
Nilses19	2000	Zimbabwe	1213	21	0	NS	NR	NR	Cough	4	2	Dyspnoea	1	1
Kheaw-On25	2009	Thailand	210	50	NR	261	36	15	History of chronic cough	57	31
Lewis23	2009	South Africa	1955	29	NR	NR	NR	NR	New or worsening cough, any duration	4	2
									>2 weeks	2	1
									>3 weeks	2	1
Corbett26	2010	Zimbabwe	8979	21	NR	NR	NR	NR	Cough for 2 weeks or more	8	2
Onyedum28	2010	Nigeria	200	50	0	71% CD4 <200	0	0	Cough	48	8	Breathlessness	32	0
Gounder29	2011	South Africa	3937	37	NR	333	NR	NR	Cough for 2 weeks or longer	7	4
Antwal31	2014	India	1546	35	0	241	NR	NR	Cough with sputum	10	2	Breathlessness	4	1