Author | Year | Study location | Total number of participants | % HIV+ | HIV+ on ART (%) | % undetectable HIV plasma load | Mean/median blood CD4 | % HIV+ smokers | % HIV− smokers | Definition of cough | % HIV+ with cough | % HIV− with cough | Definition of breathlessness | % HIV+ with breathlessness | % HIV− with breathlessness |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drummond27 ALIVE cohort | 2010 | USA | 974 | 30 | 54 | 16.5 | 320 | 83 | 86 | Cough present | 3 | 29 | MRC dyspnoea score ≥2 | 35 | 28 |
Morning cough ≥4 days per week | 19 | 19 | |||||||||||||
Morning cough ≥3 months | 15 | 15 | |||||||||||||
Crothers8 Lung HIV Study | 2013 | USA | 589 | 51 | 89 | 84 | 493 | 47 | 35 | Unusual cough | 28 | 20 | MRC dyspnoea score ≥2 | 15 | 11 |
Fitzpatrick7 WIHS | 2013 | USA | 99 | 64 | 81 | NS | 426 | 46 | 50 | Dyspnoea | 35 | 31 | |||
Madeddu30 | 2013 | Italy | 176 | 63 | 78 | 71 | 541 | 57 | 58 | Cough | 32 | 14 | MRC dyspnoea score ≥2 | 31 | 15 |
Campo32 EXHALE substudy, VACS cohort | 2014 | USA | 340 | 53 | 89 | NS | 431 | 64 | 58 | Chronic cough | 25 | 16 | MRC dyspnoea score ≥2 | 25 | 16 |
Gingo33 MACS | 2014 | USA | 1896 | 48 | 77 | 70 | 572 | 31 | 23 | Cough | 42 | 38 | Dyspnoea | 14 | 9 |
Gingo WIHS | 2014 | USA | 1976 | 71 | 76 | 56 | 502 | 39 | 52 | Cough | 54 | 58 | Dyspnoea | 36 | 37 |
ART, antiretroviral therapy; MACS, Multi-Centre AIDS Cohort Study; VACS, Veterans Aging Cohort Study; WIHS, Women's Interagency HIV Study.