Results of spirometry in healthy reference group of participants (n=151)
| Men (n=57) | Women (n=94) | All (n=151) | p Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actual median (IQR) | ||||
| FEV1 | 2.0 (1.7–2.4) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | <0.001† |
| FVC | 2.9 (2.4–3.5) | 1.9 (1.6–2.2) | 2.1 (1.8–2.8) | <0.001† |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 0.7 (0.7–0.8) | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 0.244† |
| PEF | 515 (340–647) | 329.5 (243–417) | 367 (263–515) | <0.001† |
| %predicted median (IQR) | ||||
| FEV1 | 90.1 (67.6–103.8) | 93.8 (78.6–106.0) | 91.6 (76.0–106.0) | 0.154† |
| FVC | 92.3 (72.0–107.7) | 101.2 (85.2–121.7) | 97.5 (80.6–115.2) | 0.006† |
| Spirometry %(N) | ||||
| Normal | 38.6 (22) | 44.7 (42) | 42.4 (64) | 0.764‡ |
| Restrictive | 14.0 (98) | 12.8 (12) | 13.3 (20) | |
| Obstructive | 47.4 (27) | 42.6 (40) | 44.4 (67) | |
| Obstructive spirometry§ %(N) | ||||
| Mild | 48.2 (13) | 62.5 (25) | 56.7 (38) | 0.137¶ |
| Moderate | 33.3 (9) | 32.5 (13) | 32.8 (22) | |
| Severe | 11.1 (3) | 5.0 (2) | 7.5 (5) | |
| Very severe | 7.4 (2) | 0.0 (0) | 3.0 (2) | |
| FEV1 %(N) | ||||
| Below LLN | 21.1 (12) | 5.3 (5) | 11.3 (17) | 0.008** |
| Normal range | 77.2 (44) | 93.6 (88) | 87.4 (132) | |
| Above ULN | 1.8 (1) | 1.1 (1) | 1.3 (2) | |
| FEV1 Z-score | ||||
| median (IQR) | 0.5 (−0.2–1.6) | 0.3 (−0.2–0.9) | 0.3 (−0.2–1.0) | 0.071† |
| FVC %(N) | ||||
| Below LLN | 19.3 (11) | 1.1 (1) | 8.0 (12) | <0.001** |
| Normal range | 79.0 (45) | 91.5 (86) | 86.8 (131) | |
| Above ULN | 1.8 (1) | 7.5 (7) | 5.3 (8) | |
| FVC Z-score | ||||
| median (IQR) | 0.4 (−0.4–1.5) | −0.1 (−0.9–0.6) | 0.1 (−0.7–0.9) | 0.004† |
| Oxygen saturation | ||||
| median (IQR) | 98 (96–98) | 98 (97–98) | 98 (96–98) | 0.970† |
*Comparison of men and women.
†Mann–Whitney U test.
‡χ2 test.
§This is based on the 67 participant subsample with obstructive spirometry.
¶Kruskal–Wallis test.
**Fisher's exact test.
LLN, lower limit of normal; PEF, peak expiratory flow; ULN, upper limit of normal.