Adjusted ORs of LBW, PB and SGA related to the average daily dose of ICS and LABA use during pregnancy
| LBW | PB | SGA | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | |||
| LABA | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.12) | 0.84 (0.61 to 1.15) | 0.92 (0.70 to 1.20) |
| Daily ICS dose† | |||
| None | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| >0–62.5 | 0.70 (0.53 to 0.90) | 0.77 (0.61 to 0.95) | 0.91 (0.76 to 1.09) |
| >62.5–125 | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.34) | 1.08 (0.87 to 1.35) | 1.15 (0.95 to 1.39) |
| >125–250 | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.67) | 1.23 (0.91 to 1.66) | 1.12 (0.87 to 1.45) |
| >250–500 | 1.20 (0.81 to 1.78) | 1.28 (0.90 to 1.82) | 1.26 (0.91 to 1.76) |
| >500 | 1.57 (0.86 to 2.87) | 1.45 (0.76 to 2.80) | 1.50 (0.92 to 2.44) |
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | |||
| <18 | 1.24 (0.67 to 2.29) | 1.44 (0.84 to 2.46)c | 1.58 (1.01 to 2.46) |
| 18–34 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| >34 | 1.40 (1.09 to 1.79) | 1.34 (1.07 to 1.67)c | 1.18 (0.97 to 1.44) |
| Receipt of social assistance | 1.80 (1.49 to 2.18) | 1.49 (1.26 to 1.76)c | 1.45 (1.25 to 1.67) |
| Rural residence | 1.35 (1.08 to 1.69) | Not retained | 1.21 (1.02 to 1.44) |
| Maternal chronic conditions | |||
| Antiphospholipid syndrome | Not retained | 2.99 (1.18 to 7.55) | Not retained |
| Pregnancy-related variables | |||
| Gestational diabetes | 0.70 (0.50 to 0.97)c | Not retained | 0.63 (0.49 to 0.81) |
| Eclampsia/pre-eclampsia | 3.75 (2.65 to 5.32) | 3.34 (2.38 to 4.68)c | 1.68 (1.19 to 2.37) |
| Anaemia | Not retained | Not retained | 0.60 (0.48 to 0.75) |
| Fetal-maternal haemorrhage | 3.83 (1.30 to 11.3)c | 3.59 (1.10 to 11.75) | Not retained |
| Vaginal bleeding | 1.65 (1.26 to 2.16) | 1.98 (1.56 to 2.51) | Not retained |
| Placental conditions | 1.70 (1.19 to 2.43) | 1.65 (1.21 to 2.25) | 1.39 (1.02 to 1.90) |
| Placenta abruption | 3.14 (2.15 to 4.57) | 2.66 (1.91 to 3.72) | Not retained |
| Asthma-related variables | |||
| SABA (doses/week) | Not retained | Not retained | |
| 0 | Reference | ||
| >0–3 | 1.15 (0.90 to 1.47)c | ||
| >3 | 1.18 (0.90 to 1.55)c | ||
| Severity of asthma prior to pregnancy | Not retained | ||
| Mild | Reference | Reference | |
| Moderate | 0.88 (0.68 to 1.13)c | 1.05 (0.85 to 1.29)c | |
| Severe | 0.71 (0.47 to 1.08)c | 1.29 (0.96 to 1.74)c | |
Not retained: variable not acting as a confounder or determinant of the outcome.
*The adjusted models, specific to each outcome, include LABA, ICS and all variables acting as confounders or determinants of the outcome.
†Fluticasone equivalent, μg/day.
c, confounder; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting B2-agonist; LBW, low birth weight; PB, preterm birth; SABA, short-acting B2-agonist; SGA, small for gestational age.