Asthma control, perceived stress, rescue medication and prednisone use: model-derived estimates for baseline, follow-up, and follow-up versus baseline
| % (n/total) | OR (95% CI) follow-up versus baseline | ||||||
| Baseline | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | |
| Well controlled asthma | n=81 | n=70 | n=75 | n=74 | |||
| MBSR | 7.3 (3/41) | 9.1 (3/33) | 21.6 (8/37) | 19.4 (7/36) | 1.3 (0.3 to 5.1) | 3.6 (1.1 to 11.7) | 2.9 (0.9 to 9.7) |
| HLC control | 7.5 (3/40) | 13.5 (5/37) | 5.4 (2/37) | 7.9 (3/38) | 1.9 (0.5 to 6.8) | 0.7 (0.1 to 3.3) | 1.1 (0.3 to 4.5) |
| OR MBSR/OR HLC | 0.7 (0.1 to 4.4) | 5.4 (0.8 to 38.7) | 2.6 (0.4 to 16.4) | ||||
| p Value | 0.689 | 0.093 | 0.301 | ||||
| Mean (SE) | Mean change (95% CI) from baseline to: | ||||||
| Baseline | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | |
| PSS | n=81 | n=73 | n=76 | n=77 | |||
| MBSR | 17.3 (1.1) | 13.0 (1.0) | 12.4 (1.0) | 13.0 (1.0) | −4.3 (−6.2 to −2.3) | −4.9 (−6.6 to −3.1) | −4.3 (−6.1 to −2.4) |
| HLC control | 15.8 (1.1) | 14.3 (1.0) | 13.1 (1.0) | 16.0 (1.0) | −1.5 (−3.5 to 0.5) | −2.7 (−4.5 to 0.9) | 0.2 (−1.7 to 2.0) |
| Differential change | −2.8 (−5.6 to 0.1) | −2.1 (−4.6 to 0.4) | −4.5 (−7.1 to −1.9) | ||||
| p Value | 0.055 | 0.097 | 0.001 | ||||
| Mean (SE) | IRR (95% CI) follow-up versus baseline | ||||||
| Baseline | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | |
| Times/week used | n=79 | n=81 | n=82 | n=82 | |||
| Short-term rescue medication | |||||||
| MBSR | 2.92 (0.85) | 3.21 (1.15) | 2.97 (1.02) | 2.39 (0.89) | 0.71 (0.53 to 0.96) | 0.81 (0.60 to 1.08) | 0.48 (0.36 to 0.65) |
| HLC control | 2.22 (0.69) | 2.15 (0.61) | 1.83 (0.55) | 2.49 (0.74) | 1.00 (0.77 to 1.30) | 0.83 (0.63 to 1.08) | 1.04 (0.80 to 1.36) |
| IRR MBSR/IRR HLC | 0.71 (0.49 to 1.05) | 0.98 (0.66 to 1.44) | 0.46 (0.31 to 0.68) | ||||
| p Value | 0.087 | 0.902 | <0.001 | ||||
| % (n/total) | OR (95% CI) follow-up versus baseline | ||||||
| Baseline | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | 10 weeks | 6 months | 12 months | |
| Prednisone use in last 30 days | n=82 | n=73 | n=76 | n=78 | |||
| MBSR | 24.4 (10/41) | 13.9 (5/36) | 12.8 (5/39) | 17.9 (7/39) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.5) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.4) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.9) |
| HLC control | 4.9 (2/41) | 18.9 (7/37) | 5.4 (2/37) | 15.4 (6/39) | 4.6 (1.0 to 21.1) | 1.1 (0.2 to 7.0) | 3.5 (0.8 to 16.1) |
| OR MBSR/OR HLC | 0.1 (0.02 to 0.7) | 0.4 (0.05 to 3.4) | 0.2 (0.03 to 1.2) | ||||
| p Value | 0.021 | 0.415 | 0.084 | ||||
For means, differential change was calculated as the difference in change from baseline for the intervention versus change from baseline for the comparison group. Estimates of ORs comparing follow-up and baseline are from logistic regression models. Estimates of IRRs comparing follow-up and baseline are from a negative binomial regression model. The differing numbers of individuals included in each outcome analysis is due to missing data, as not all patients completed these measurements at all time points.
HLC, healthy living course; IRR, incidence rate ratio; MBSR, mindfulness-based stress reduction; PSS, Perceived Stress Scale.