Multivariable analysis for estimation of prevalence of MDR-TB in the entire sample* (n=1972)
| Variable | Prevalence of MDR-TB (%) | AOR (95% CI) | p Multilevel |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 12.3 | 1.06 (0.77 to 1.47) | 0.714 |
| Women | 11.5 | 1 (reference) | |
| Age | |||
| <45 years | 13.3 | 1.75 (1.29 to 2.37) | <0.001 |
| ≥45 years | 10.7 | 1 (reference) | |
| Not working | |||
| Yes | 9.1 | 0.76 (0.53 to 1.09) | 0.136 |
| No | 13.4 | 1 (reference) | |
| Delay in initiating TB treatment | |||
| >60 days | 15.2 | 1.43 (1.05 to 1.94) | 0.024 |
| ≤60 days | 9.8 | 1 (reference) | |
| Treated for TB in the past | |||
| Yes | 30.4 | 5.48 (4.04 to 7.44) | <0.001 |
| No | 7.2 | 1 (reference) | |
| Cavitary disease | |||
| Yes | 13.4 | 1.21 (0.89 to 1.66) | 0.222 |
| No | 11.4 | 1 (reference) | |
| TB in organs other than lungs | |||
| Yes | 24.2 | 2.23 (0.88 to 5.66) | 0.092 |
| No | 11.9 | 1 (reference) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||
| Yes | 12.7 | 1.39 (0.66 to 2.90) | 0.383 |
| No | 12.1 | 1 (reference) | |
| ICC | 0.084 | ||
The associations between multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and independent variables are expressed as adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI.
↵* Multilevel model was fitted using SAS PROC GLIMMIXED.
ICC, intra-class correlation coefficient.