Association of potential confounders with mortality
| Men | Women | |||||
| HR | 95% CI | p Value | HR | 95% CI | p Value | |
| Age (per year) | 1.09 | 1.06 to 1.11 | <0.001 | 1.08 | 1.05 to 1.10 | <0.001 |
| Height (per cm) | 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.03 | 0.33 | 1.04 | 1.00 to 1.07 | 0.023 |
| Black versus non-black | 1.45 | 1.07 to 1.95 | 0.015 | 1.20 | 0.84 to 1.72 | 0.31 |
| BMI (per kg/m2) | 1.03 | 1.00 to 1.06 | 0.035 | 1.02 | 1.00 to 1.05 | 0.10 |
| Waist-hip ratio (per unit) | 32.7 | 3.4 to 311.4 | 0.002 | 3.7 | 0.6 to 21.4 | 0.15 |
| Sitting height (per cm) | 0.97 | 0.93 to 1.02 | 0.25 | 0.96 | 0.91 to 1.02 | 0.17 |
| Income (per category)* | 0.92 | 0.86 to 0.98 | 0.011 | 0.91 | 0.85 to 0.97 | 0.006 |
| Unreported income | 0.71 | 0.43 to 1.15 | 0.16 | 0.75 | 0.45 to 1.23 | 0.25 |
| Working status | 0.023 | 0.29 | ||||
| Homemaker† | – | – | 1.33 | 0.88 to 2.01 | ||
| Employed | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Unemployed | 1.60 | 0.91 to 2.79 | 0.95 | 0.44 to 2.05 | ||
| Retired | 1.46 | 1.07 to 1.98 | 0.97 | 0.60 to 1.55 | ||
| Most recent occupation | 0.042 | 0.17 | ||||
| Managerial/professional specialty or retired | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Technical/sales/admin support | 1.49 | 1.09 to 2.03 | 0.96 | 0.64 to 1.45 | ||
| Service occupations | 1.05 | 0.63 to 1.76 | 0.79 | 0.48 to 1.31 | ||
| Precision production/craft/repair | 0.93 | 0.65 to 1.33 | 0.47 | 0.11 to 2.01 | ||
| Operators/fabricators/labourers | 1.14 | 0.79 to 1.65 | 1.12 | 0.63 to 2.01 | ||
| Missing/other | 0.61 | 0.24 to 1.53 | 2.39 | 0.98 to 5.84 | ||
| Ever smoked | 1.08 | 0.82 to 1.42 | 0.57 | 1.04 | 0.76 to 1.44 | 0.80 |
| Current smoker | 1.65 | 1.32 to 2.06 | <0.001 | 1.96 | 1.42 to 2.69 | <0.001 |
| Pack-years of smoking (per 10 pack-years) | 1.10 | 1.05 to 1.15 | <0.001 | 1.15 | 1.07 to 1.23 | <0.001 |
| Education (per category) | 0.93 | 0.87 to 1.00 | 0.052 | 0.96 | 0.87 to 1.06 | 0.45 |
| Systolic blood pressure (quintiles) | 0.52 | 0.010 | ||||
| 1 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| 2 | 0.79 | 0.57 to 1.09 | 1.71 | 1.08 to 2.71 | ||
| 3 | 0.93 | 0.69 to 1.26 | 1.76 | 1.13 to 2.73 | ||
| 4 | 0.99 | 0.74 to 1.34 | 1.88 | 1.21 to 2.92 | ||
| 5 | 1.01 | 0.75 to 1.35 | 2.23 | 0.84 to 1.72 | ||
↵* Unreported income in same category as lowest income for estimating effect per category, but also estimated as a separate effect.
↵† In the dataset, male subjects who reported they were homemakers were given a missing value for current working status to help preserve anonymity. Since these participants could not be identified they were not included in the analysis.
BMI, body mass index; HR, hazard ratio.