Changes in T-lymphocyte subsets and activation of these subsets as well as eosinophil and dendritic cells by exposure condition, according to flow cytometry analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage
| Mean (95% CI) | p Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FAS | DES | FAA | DEA | DE effect | Allergen effect | Ordinal effect | |
| Cytotoxic T-cell, % of leucocytes | 2.7 (1.8 to 4.1) | 2.7 (1.7 to 4.2) | 2.1 (1.4 to 3.2) | 2.1 (1.3 to 3.2) | 0.94 | 0.27 | NA |
| T-helper cell, % of leucocytes | 12.3 (8.1 to 16.5) | 13.2 (8.5 to 17.8) | 12.6 (8.3 to 16.9) | 11.2 (6.7 to 15.6) | 0.89 | 0.72 | NA |
| Regulatory T-cell, % of leucocytes | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.5) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.6) | 0.89 | 0.54 | NA |
| Cytotoxic T-cell CD8 | 2854.2 (2487.9 to 3220.5) | 2777.4 (2379.3 to 3175.5) | 2935.0 (2558.5 to 3311.5) | 2695.0 (2308.1 to 3081.9) | 0.31 | 0.98 | NA |
| T-helper cell CD4 | 1724.0 (1458.4 to 2038.0) | 1784.0 (1490.3 to 2135.7) | 2004.3 (1688.5 to 2379.2) | 2099.4 (1761.4 to 2502.4) | 0.54 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Regulatory T-cell Foxp3 | 1979.3 (1525.1 to 2568.8) | 1732.9 (1309.3 to 2293.6) | 2470.3 (1891.9 to 3225.6) | 2294.6 (1768.1 to 2978.0) | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.09 |
| Cytotoxic T-cell CD69 | 1111.2 (763.8 to 1616.5) | 1017.0 (676.3 to 1529.5) | 1798.5 (1223.3 to 2644.3) | 1545.8 (1040.0 to 2297.7) | 0.46 | 0.007 | 0.03 |
| T-helper cell CD69 | 1327.1 (837.9 to 2102.0) | 1074.6 (651.2 to 1773.3) | 1568.0 (977.1 to 2516.2) | 1296.4 (797.0 to 2108.6) | 0.32 | 0.38 | 0.73 |
| Regulatory T-cell, CD69 | 1009.9 (656.3 to 1554.0) | 1136.2 (710.4 to 1817.1) | 1849.1 (1172.5 to 2916.1) | 1644.5 (1068.7 to 2530.6) | 0.99 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Eosinophil CD69 | 1681.1 (1117.2 to 2245.0) | 1116.0 (552.1 to 1679.9) | 1772.8 (1208.9 to 2336.7) | 1298.1 (734.2 to 1862.0) | 0.39 | 0.75 | NA |
| Dendritic cell CD86 | 154.2 (92.9 to 256.0) | 127.8 (78.0 to 209.5) | 130.9 (78.9 to 217.3) | 139.3 (84.0 to 231.1) | 0.75 | 0.85 | NA |
p Values <0.05 are in bold. Values are for mean fluorescence intensity of a given marker unless otherwise noted (eg, %). The ordinal effect p value is NA (not applicable, as analysis not performed) when DE and allergen p value were both greater than 0.1, as dictated by our statistical methods.
DE, diesel exhaust; DEA, diesel exhaust and allergen; DES, diesel exhaust and saline; FAA, filtered air and allergen; FAS, filtered air and saline.