Basic baseline demographic data, comorbidities and ICU data (where applicable) for patients with ICUAW and controls
| Controls (n=7) | Patients (n=20) | p Value (MW/χ2) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (years) | 69 (63–74) | 64 (51–78) | 0.39 |
| Sex (m/f) | 7/0 | 15/5 | 0.14 |
| BMI (baseline) (kg/m2) | 24 (22–29) | 27.8 (26.0–30.8) | 0.21 |
| MLT* (cm) | 2.9 (2.0–3.3) | 1.7 (1.4–2.5) | 0.08 |
| Comorbidities (n) | |||
| IHD | 4 of 7 | 8 of 20 | 0.42 |
| Other cardiac disease | 6 of 7 | 6 of 20 | 0.01 |
| Respiratory | 0 of 7 | 6 of 20 | 0.10 |
| COPD | 0 of 7 | 2 of 20 | |
| Diabetes | 1 of 7 | 4 of 20 | 0.73 |
| Statin use | 4 of 7 | 6 of 20 | 0.20 |
| Type on cardiac surgery (n) | |||
| CABG | 1 | ||
| Valve surgery | 2 | ||
| Mixed | 4 | ||
| Reason for ICU admission (n) | |||
| Postcardiac surgery | 8 | ||
| Cardiac | 3 | ||
| Respiratory | 9 | ||
| Pneumonia | 2 | ||
| COPD | 2 | ||
| ARDS/ECMO | 3 | ||
| Other respiratory | 2 | ||
| ICU data | |||
| MRC score at diagnosis† | 36 (34–40) | ||
| Day on ICU of biopsy (days) | 20 (15–29) | ||
| SOFA score at time of biopsy | 11 (8–14) | ||
| Total ICU LOS (days) | 42 (23–51) | ||
| Awake at biopsy (n) | 6 | ||
| Fed at time of biopsy | 6 | ||
| NMB (n) | 11 | ||
| Corticosteroids (n) | 12 | ||
| Sepsis (n) | 20 | ||
| Mean CRP (mg/L)‡ | 136 (103–194) | ||
| Mean pO2 (kPa)‡ | 12.68 (12.12–14.41) | ||
| Mean CO2 (kPa)‡ | 5.7 (5.31–6.09) | ||
| Mean pH‡ | 7.41 (7.40–7.44) | ||
| Mean blood glucose (mg/dL)‡ | 7.6 (7.1–8.0) | ||
| Mean cumulative insulin dose (Units)‡ | 456 (345–894) | ||
| Died (1-year mortality) | 8 | ||
Data presented as median (IQR) or number (n).
*n=5 for controls and n=13 for patients.
†n=8 (six on the day of biopsy, two in the preceding 48 h).
‡During ICU stay up to the point of biopsy.
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CRP, C-reactive protein; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; ICUAW, intensive care unit-acquired weakness; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; LOS, length of stay; MLT, muscle layer thickness; MRC, Medical Research Council; NMB, neuromuscular blockers; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.