Safety and procedural aspects of Bronchoscopic Transparenchymal Nodule Access (BTPNA) procedure
| Site | Size (mm) | Visible at fluoroscopy | Procedure planning time (min) | Nodule access time (min) | Fluoroscopy time (min) | Intra-procedural adverse events | Tunnel length (mm) | Pathology | Inspection of resection specimen | TNM | Correlation with resection specimens | Postprocedure adverse events | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | LUL | 40 | Yes | 10 | 40 | 11.6 | None | 10 | Large cell carcinoma | * | T2aN0M0 | Yes | Raised troponin level |
| 2 | Lingula | 20 | Yes | 15 | Data not recorded | 7.09 | None | 50 | Small cell cancer | * | T1aN0M0 | Yes | None reported |
| 3 | LLL | 25 | No | 30 | 30 | 5.18 | None | 60 | Large cell carcinoma | * | T1bN0M0 | None reported | |
| 4 | LUL | 31 | Yes | 18 | No sample taken | 5 | Sheath could not be directed along optimal path | – | N/A | * | T2aN0M0 | None reported | |
| 5 | RML | 22 | No | 15 | 26 | 6.7 | None | 50 | NSCLC | * | T1bN0M0 | None reported | |
| 6 | LLL | 22 | No | 12 | 13 | 3 | None | 30 | NSCLC | * | T1bN0M0 | None reported | |
| 7 | RLL | 30 | No | 25 | 30 | 1.8 | None | 30 | NSCLC | * | T2aN0M0 | None reported | |
| 8 | RLL | 18 | Yes | 15 | 17 | 3.6 | None | 60 | Adenocarcinoma | * | T1aN0M0 | None reported | |
| 9 | RLL | 20 | No | 30 | 12 | 4.2 | None | 90 | NSCLC | * | T1aN0M0 | None reported | |
| 10 | RML | 28 | Yes | 15 | 13 | 9.8 | None | 70 | Adenocarcinoma | * | T1bN0M0 | None reported | |
| 11 | LUL | 17 | No | 14 | No sample taken | N/A | Sheath could not be directed along optimal path | – | N/A | * | T1a N0M0 | N/A | None reported |
| 12 | LUL | 31 | No | 10 | 15 | 2.1 | None | 20 | NSCLC | * | T2aN0M0 | Yes | None reported |
Where size is the long axis diameter.
*All areas involved in TPNA resected and no concerns identified.
LLL, left lower lobe; LUL, left upper lobe; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; RLL, right lower lobe; RML, right middle lobe.