Table 2

Clinical and radiological characteristics of the 17 patients with humidifier disinfectant-associated lung injury and the timing of pathological specimen collection

CaseSexAgeChief complaintNYHA classOnsetBAL fluidInitial CT (day and findings)Follow-up CT(day and findings)DayEarly specimenDayLate specimen
1F29Dyspnoea34 weeksYes13Consolidation/centrilobular GGO24Diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum37Explanted lung
2F35Dyspnoea34 weeksYes5Consolidation/centrilobular GGO33Autopsy
3F28Dyspnoea31 weekYes4Consolidation/centrilobular GGO
4F36Dyspnoea46 weeksYes6Consolidation/centrilobular GGO12Centrilobular GGO/diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum61Autopsy
5F32Dyspnoea3∼42 weeksYes1Consolidation/centrilobular GGO8Centrilobular GGO/diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum52Autopsy
6F39Cough2 weeksYes1Consolidation13Centrilobular GGO/diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum/pneumothorax15VATS biopsy83Explanted lung
7F36Dyspnoea210 daysYes1Consolidation/centrilobular GGO14Consolidation/centrilobular GGO/pneumomediastinum18TBLB
8M43Dyspnoea312 weeksYes1Consolidation26Centrilobular GGO/diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum29VATS biopsy43Explanted lung
9F34Cough dyspnoea412 weeksYes1Centrilobular GGO42Centrilobular GGO/diffuse GGO/pneumomediastinum18PCNA and biopsy
10F29Abnormal CXR21 weekYes4Centrilobular GGO46Centrilobular GGO
11F36Cough dyspnoea216 weeksYes1Consolidation/centrilobular GGO27Consolidation/centrilobular GGO6VATS biopsy
12M49Dyspnoea28 weeksYes1Consolidation41Centrilobular GGO
13F43Dyspnoea28 weeksNo80Centrilobular GGO
14F32Dyspnoea4 weeksNo3Consolidation11Centrilobular GGO/pneumomediastinum4VATS biopsy
15F30Dyspnoea22 weeksYes5Consolidation/centrilobular GGO7Consolidation/centrilobular GGO/pneumomediastinum14VATS biopsy68Explanted lung
16F34Cough, throat discomfort12 weeksNo19Consolidation39Centrilobular GGO
17F39Cough dyspnoea2 weeksNo1Consolidation/centrilobular GGO
  • ‘Day’ refers to the day relative to the first hospital visit.

  • BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; CXR, chest radiography; GGO, ground glass appearance; NYHA, New York Heart Association dyspnoea classification; PCNA, percutaneous needle aspiration; TBLB, transbronchial lung biopsy; VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.