Cardiovascular and renal comorbidity and medications prescribed in patients with COPD, according to prescription of tiotropium on discharge
| Tiotropium N (% of 100) | Not on tiotropium N (% of 126) | |
|---|---|---|
| Comorbidity | ||
| Arrhythmias | 25 (25) | 30 (24) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 19 (19) | 27 (21) |
| Supraventricular tachycardia | 6 (6) | 1 (1) |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 3 (3) | 2 (2) |
| Myocardial infarction | 15 (15) | 16 (13) |
| Heart failure | 29 (29) | 35 (28) |
| Renal impairment in the last 1 year | 46 (46) | 65* (52) |
| Patients with at least one of the above comorbidities | 60 (60) | 64 (51) |
| UPLIFT criteria | ||
| Unstable arrhythmias in the last 1 year | 14 (14) | 14 (11) |
| Myocardial infarction in the last 6 months | 2 (2) | 1 (1) |
| Heart failure requiring admission in the last 1 year | 11 (11) | 16 (13) |
| Moderate to severe renal impairment on discharge | 28 (28) | 50* (40) |
| Patients with at least one UPLIFT exclusion criterion | 38 (38) | 49 (39) |
| Concurrent medications (%) | ||
| Inhaled short acting antimuscarinic | 14 (14) | 71 (56) |
| Inhaled LABA | 80 (80) | 63 (50) |
| ICS | 88 (88) | 89 (71) |
| Combined LABA/ICS | 61 (61) | 40 (32) |
| β blocker | 6 (6) | 11 (9) |
| Anticoagulant | 38 (38) | 56 (44) |
| ACE-i/Angiotensin II receptor blocker | 24 (24) | 36 (29) |
| Loop diuretic | 40 (40) | 32 (25) |
| Statin | 14 (14) | 38 (30) |
| Digoxin | 5 (5) | 13 (10) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 13 (13) | 19 (15) |
| Amiodarone | 1 (1) | 3 (2) |
| Nitrate | 8 (8) | 9 (7) |
*Total number=124 as two patients in the non-tiotropium group had no renal function measured during admission.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long acting β agonist; UPLIFT, Understanding Potential Long-term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium.