Baseline characteristics
| CPAP (n=23) | Provent (n=22) | Placebo Provent (n=22) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.4 (7.7) | 63.2 (8.7) | 59.7 (12.5) |
| Number of men (%) | 16 (69.6) | 18 (81.8) | 19 (86.4) |
| BMI | 35.1 (6.0) | 33.4 (6.6) | 33.0 (6.2) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 117.7 (12.8) | 117.4 (13.9) | 114.0 (10.7) |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 42.5 (3.5) | 44.4 (3.8) | 43.7 (2.9) |
| Number of smokers (%) | 2 (8.7) | 3 (13.6) | 2 (9.1) |
| Number of ex-smokers (%) | 16 (69.6) | 11 (50.0) | 10 (47.6) |
| Hypertension, n (%)* | 15 (65.2) | 15 (68.2) | 17 (77.3) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%)* | 2 (8.7) | 5 (22.7) | 3 (13.6) |
| Diabetes, n (%)* | 7 (30.4) | 6 (27.3) | 6 (27.3) |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | 17 (73.9) | 13 (59.1) | 16 (72.7) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 134 (14.4) | 137 (16.5) | 128 (12.0) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 83 (8.9) | 83 (10.8) | 83 (12.0) |
| AHI at diagnosis | 41.7 (21.4) | 36.5 (15.1) | 35.7 (21.2) |
| ODI at diagnosis | 28.9 (9.5) | 33.1 (12.2) | 28.6 (11.5) |
| ESS at diagnosis | 15 (12.0–18.0) | 15 (13.0–16.3) | 13.0 (11.0–14.3) |
| Years of CPAP therapy | 6 (3–11) | 5.5 (3.8–10) | 5 (3–10.3) |
| CPAP compliance (min/night) | 344 (70) | 386 (63) | 358 (76) |
| AHI on CPAP | 1.6 (0.7–3.2) | 2.5 (1.3–3.3) | 1.0 (0.5–3.1) |
| ODI on CPAP | 2.2 (0.7–6.2) | 3.0 (2.2–4.1) | 2.2 (0.7–4.7) |
| ESS on CPAP | 6.0 (4.0–8.0) | 7.0 (5.8–9.0) | 6.5 (5.0–9.0) |
| ODI four-night withdrawal | 18.0 (13.8–35.5) | 25.5 (18.3–36.8) | 19.5 (15.0–27.9) |
Values are mean (SD), median (quartiles) or percent as appropriate.
*Defined by medical history.
AHI, apnoea–hypopnoea index; BMI, body mass index; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; ODI, oxygen desaturation index.