Microbiological aetiology of pneumonia among patients with known aetiology
| Cases (HCAP) | Controls (CAP) | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | ||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 52 | 62.7 | 51 | 70.8 | 0.282 |
| Respiratory Viruses | 22 | 26.5 | 11 | 15.3 | 0.116 |
| Legionella pneumophila | 4 | 4.8 | 8 | 11.1 | 0.227 |
| Gram-negative bacilli* | 5 | 7.2 | 4 | 5.6 | 1.000 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 4 | 4.8 | 1 | 1.4 | 0.373 |
| MSSA† | 2 | 2.4 | 2 | 2.8 | 1.000 |
| Atypical pathogens | 2 | 2.4 | 3 | 4.2 | 0.664 |
| Haemophilus influenza | 1 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.000 |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | 1 | 1.2 | 0 | .0 | 1.000 |
| Total number | 83 | 72 | |||
*Gram-negative bacilli include: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Proteus mirabilis. Only two of them were multidrug resistant (one case and one control of ESBL-resistant E coli).
†Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.
CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; HCAP, healthcare-associated pneumonia; Respiratory viruses include: respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza virus I–IV, metapneumovirus A and B, enterovirus; Atypical pathogens include: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumophila, Coxiella burnetii.