Subgroup analysis for risk of overall death and cardiovascular death for each pairwise comparison from the MTC meta-analysis
| Overall death (N=42) | Cardiovascular death (N=31) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study duration ≥ 1 year (N=27) | FEV1< 50% predicted value (N=30) | Study duration ≥ 1 year (N=18) | FEV1 < 50% predicted value (N=22) | |||||
| Comparison | Fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | Random effects OR (95% CrI) | Fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | Random effects OR (95% CrI) | Fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | Random effects OR (95% CrI) | Fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | Random effects OR (95% CrI) |
| TIO-SMI vs | ||||||||
| TIO-HH | 1.65 (1.12 to 2.43) | 1.65 (0.999 to 2.78) | 1.64 (1.13 to 2.43) | 1.67 (1.03 to 2.89) | 2.39 (1.19 to 5.03) | 2.04 (0.40 to 8.87) | 2.42 (1.19 to 5.09) | 2.25 (0.75 to 6.80) |
| LABA | 1.66 (1.11 to 2.48) | 1.66 (1.01 to 2.80) | 1.63 (1.10 to 2.45) | 1.65 (1.004 to 2.88) | 3.14 (1.54 to 6.75) | 2.82 (0.58 to 12.55) | 3.19 (1.54 to 6.86) | 3.07 (1.02 to 9.79) |
| LABA-ICS | 1.94 (1.30 to 2.92) | 2.02 (1.22 to 3.47) | 1.90 (1.28 to 2.87) | 1.98 (1.20 to 3.50) | 2.78 (1.36 to 5.95) | 3.11 (0.71 to 16.48) | 2.86 (1.39 to 6.21) | 3.19 (1.13 to 11.60) |
| ICS | 1.49 (0.999 to 2.22) | 1.58 (0.99 to 2.79) | 1.45 (0.97 to 2.20) | 1.57 (0.96 to 3.10) | 2.43 (1.20 to 5.19) | 2.33 (0.48 to 10.91) | 2.53 (1.22 to 5.50) | 2.63 (0.83 to 9.56) |
| PL | 1.52 (1.06 to 2.19) | 1.55 (1.02 to 2.47) | 1.51 (1.06 to 2.20) | 1.55 (1.01 to 2.52) | 2.07 (1.09 to 4.14) | 2.28 (0.71 to 9.28) | 2.07 (1.09 to 4.21) | 2.19 (0.90 to 6.29) |
| TIO-HH vs | ||||||||
| LABA | 1.01 (0.84 to 1.21) | 1.00 (0.75 to 1.35) | 0.99 (0.83 to 1.19) | 0.99 (0.74 to 1.33) | 1.31 (0.89 to 1.94) | 1.38 (0.53 to 3.80) | 1.32 (0.90 to 1.93) | 1.36 (0.72 to 2.69) |
| LABA-ICS | 1.18 (0.97 to 1.44) | 1.21 (0.90 to 1.70) | 1.16 (0.95 to 1.42) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.64) | 1.16 (0.80 to 1.69) | 1.52 (0.64 to 4.98) | 1.19 (0.82 to 1.72) | 1.41 (0.79 to 3.25) |
| ICS | 0.90 (0.74 to 1.10) | 0.95 (0.71 to 1.42) | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.09) | 0.94 (0.68 to 1.50) | 1.01 (0.69 to 1.50) | 1.14 (0.40 to 3.72) | 1.05 (0.71 to 1.56) | 1.16 (0.54 to 2.91) |
| PL | 0.92 (0.81 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.74 to 1.24) | 0.92 (0.81 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.73 to1.19) | 0.86 (0.66 to 1.13) | 1.10 (0.55 to 3.35) | 0.86 (0.67 to 1.12) | 0.97 (0.61 to 1.81) |
| LABA vs | ||||||||
| LABA-ICS | 1.17 (0.98 to 1.40) | 1.21 (0.94 to 1.61) | 1.16 (0.98 to 1.39) | 1.19 (0.92 to 1.58) | 0.89 (0.62 to 1.26) | 1.10 (0.53 to 3.08) | 0.90 (0.64 to 1.27) | 1.04 (0.61 to 2.12) |
| ICS | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.07) | 0.95 (0.74 to 1.35) | 0.89 (0.74 to 1.07) | 0.95 (0.72 to 1.44) | 0.77 (0.54 to 1.11) | 0.82 (0.31 to 2.33) | 0.79 (0.56 to 1.14) | 0.85 (0.44 to 1.90) |
| PL | 0.92 (0.78 to 1.07) | 0.93 (0.73 to 1.23) | 0.93 (0.79 to 1.09) | 0.94 (0.72 to 1.22) | 0.66 (0.47 to 0.91) | 0.80 (0.40 to 2.29) | 0.65 (0.48 to 0.90) | 0.71 (0.42 to 1.36) |
| LABA-ICS vs | ||||||||
| ICS | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.92) | 0.79 (0.60 to 1.10) | 0.76 (0.63 to 0.92) | 0.79 (0.60 to 1.20) | 0.87 (0.62 to 1.23) | 0.76 (0.24 to 1.87) | 0.88 (0.62 to 1.25) | 0.83 (0.37 to 1.64) |
| PL | 0.78 (0.66 to 0.93) | 0.77 (0.59 to 1.01) | 0.80 (0.67 to 0.95) | 0.79 (0.59 to 1.03) | 0.74 (0.54 to 1.02) | 0.73 (0.30 to 1.85) | 0.73 (0.53 to 0.99) | 0.69 (0.35 to 1.22) |
| ICS vs | ||||||||
| PL | 1.02 (0.87 to 1.20) | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.23) | 1.04 (0.87 to 1.24) | 0.99 (0.65 to 1.31) | 0.85 (0.63 to 1.16) | 0.97 (0.47 to 2.68) | 0.82 (0.59 to 1.14) | 0.83 (0.40 to 1.77) |
‘N’ represents the number of trials reporting on each outcome, with a study duration ≥1 year, or enrolling patients with mean FEV1< 50% of predicted value at baseline.
CrI, credible interval; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β2 agonist; MTC, mixed treatment comparison; PL, placebo; TIO-HH, tiotropium dry powder delivered via HandiHaler; TIO-SMI, tiotropium solution delivered via Resipmat Soft Mist Inhaler.