Comparison of sleepiness and measurements of sleep in patients with chronic heart failure with and without sleep-disordered breathing
| No SDB (n=96) | SDB (n=77) | p Value | |
| Epworth score | 7 (4–10) | 7 (5–10) | 0.45 |
| OSLER duration (min) | 40 (39–40) | 40 (27–40) | 0.18 |
| HADS score | 12 (6–17) | 11 (6–16) | 0.78 |
| Total sleep time (min) | 355 (285–401) | 351 (295–408) | 0.55 |
| Stage 1 sleep (% TST) | 25 (14–42) | 32 (21–48) | 0.02 |
| Stage 2 sleep (% TST) | 39 (27–52) | 38 (21–46) | 0.15 |
| Deep sleep (% TST) | 11 (6–18) | 10 (6–17) | 0.73 |
| REM sleep (% TST) | 19 (15–25) | 17 (13–24) | 0.41 |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 69 (61–80) | 74 (63–81) | 0.26 |
| Arousal index (events/h) | 16 (13–22) | 24 (19–36) | <0.001 |
| AHI (events/h) | 7.6 (4.1–11.0) | 27.0 (19.2–40.6) | |
| Time SpO2 <90% (% TST) | 1.1 (0.1–19.8) | 8.3 (1.8–22.7) | <0.001 |
| Baseline SpO2 (%) | 93 (91–95) | 94 (92–95) | 0.62 |
| 3% ODI* (events/h) | 9.1 (6.2–13.0) | 24.4 (17.9–37.7) | <0.001 |
| Periodic limb movement index (events/h) | 14 (2–33) | 11 (3–42) | 0.78 |
Data are presented as median (IQR).
↵* 3% ODI measured from wrist worn pulse oximeter.
AHI, apnoea-hypopnoea index; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression score; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; OSLER, Oxford Sleep Resistance Test; REM, rapid eye movement; SpO2, oxygen saturation; TST, total sleep time.