Risk of overall death and cardiovascular death for each pairwise comparison from the direct comparison and MTC meta-analyses
| Overall death (N=42) | Cardiovascular death (N=31) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison | Direct comparison Peto OR (95% CI) | MTC fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | MTC random effects OR (95% CrI) | Direct comparison Peto OR (95% CI) | MTC fixed effect OR (95% CrI) | MTC random effects OR (95% CrI) |
| TIO-SMI vs | ||||||
| TIO-HH | – | 1.65 (1.13 to 2.43) | 1.66 (1.04 to 2.75) | – | 2.38 (1.20 to 4.99) | 2.18 (0.73 to 6.48) |
| LABA | – | 1.63 (1.10 to 2.44) | 1.61 (1.002 to 2.66) | – | 3.04 (1.48 to 6.55) | 2.80 (0.91 to 8.52) |
| LABA-ICS | – | 1.90 (1.28 to 2.86) | 1.93 (1.20 to 3.24) | – | 2.79 (1.37 to 6.02) | 3.00 (1.08 to 9.95) |
| ICS | – | 1.47 (0.99 to 2.21) | 1.55 (0.96 to 2.65) | – | 2.39 (1.18 to 5.12) | 2.31 (0.76 to 7.15) |
| PL | 1.49 (1.05 to 2.11) | 1.51 (1.06 to 2.19) | 1.54 (1.01 to 2.43) | 1.96 (1.07 to 3.60) | 2.07 (1.09 to 4.16) | 2.18 (0.91 to 6.19) |
| TIO-HH vs | ||||||
| LABA | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.06) | 0.99 (0.83 to 1.19) | 0.97 (0.74 to 1.26) | 1.24 (0.49 to 3.12) | 1.27 (0.88 to 1.87) | 1.29 (0.67 to 2.41) |
| LABA-ICS* | 1.81 (1.07 to 3.05) | 1.16 (0.95 to 1.41) | 1.16 (0.88 to 1.55) | 2.05 (0.97 to 4.34) | 1.17 (0.81 to 1.69) | 1.37 (0.77 to 2.92) |
| ICS | – | 0.89 (0.73 to 1.09) | 0.93 (0.71 to 1.31) | – | 1.00 (0.69 to 1.46) | 1.06 (0.52 to 2.20) |
| PL | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.07) | 0.92 (0.81 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.75 to 1.17) | 0.81 (0.61 to 1.06) | 0.87 (0.67 to 1.13) | 1.00 (0.64 to 1.89) |
| LABA vs | ||||||
| LABA-ICS | 1.10 (0.91 to 1.32) | 1.17 (0.98 to 1.39) | 1.20 (0.95 to 1.54) | 0.84 (0.59 to 1.20) | 0.92 (0.65 to 1.29) | 1.07 (0.64 to 2.16) |
| ICS | 0.86 (0.71 to 1.04) | 0.90 (0.76 to 1.07) | 0.95 (0.75 to 1.32) | 0.73 (0.50 to 1.07) | 0.79 (0.56 to 1.11) | 0.82 (0.44 to 1.64) |
| PL | 0.90 (0.75 to 1.08) | 0.93 (0.79 to 1.09) | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.23) | 0.67 (0.48 to 0.95) | 0.68 (0.50 to 0.93) | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.55) |
| LABA-ICS vs | ||||||
| ICS | 0.78 (0.64 to 0.94) | 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) | 0.80 (0.62 to 1.03) | 0.97 (0.68 to 1.39) | 0.85 (0.61 to 1.20) | 0.77 (0.36 to 1.38) |
| PL | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.98) | 0.80 (0.67 to 0.94) | 0.80 (0.67 to 1.09) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.14) | 0.74 (0.54 to 1.01) | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.30) |
| ICS vs | ||||||
| PL | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.20) | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.21) | 1.00 (0.76 to 1.23) | 0.88 (0.64 to 1.20) | 0.87 (0.64 to 1.17) | 0.94 (0.57 to 1.85) |
‘N’ represents the number of trials reporting on each outcome.
↵* Only one trial with the direct comparison of tiotropium HandHaler and LABA-ICS for the analysis.
CrI, credible interval; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β2 agonist; MTC, mixed treatment comparison; PL, placebo; TIO-HH, tiotropium dry powder delivered via HandiHaler; TIO-SMI, tiotropium solution delivered via Resipmat Soft Mist Inhaler.