ID | Age (years) | Absolute values | Oxygen saturation in the morning (%) | Oxygen saturation in the evening (%) | Mean PM2.5 (μg/m3)* | Time exposed (min) | Classification | |||||
FEV1 | FVC | FEV1/FVC % | FEF25–75 | BMC–AMC | ∆SaO2 | BEC–AEC | ∆SaO2 | |||||
1 | 58 | 1.53 | 2.00 | 77 | 1.26 | 98–96 | −2 | – | – | 804 | 194 | SAD |
2 | 32 | 2.02 | 2.53 | 82 | 1.96 | 98–97 | −1 | 98–94 | −4 | 12198 | 192 | SAD |
3 | 49 | 2.00 | 2.45 | 82 | 2.19 | 98–97 | −1 | 98–98 | 0 | 2615 | 204 | SAD |
4 | 20 | 2.37 | 2.86 | 86 | 2.61 | 99–98 | −1 | – | – | 7078 | 103 | SAD |
5 | 48 | 1.88 | 2.25 | 84 | 2.33 | – | – | 98–97 | −1 | 7078 | 103 | SAD |
6 | 26 | 2.33 | 2.82 | 83 | 2.37 | 97–96 | −1 | – | – | 3380 | 151 | SAD |
7 | 20 | 2.23 | 2.30 | 97 | 3.84 | – | – | 98–97 | −1 | 3380 | 151 | Moderate restriction |
8 | 32 | 2.20 | 3.04 | 73 | 1.58 | 98–97 | −1 | – | – | 15280 | 150 | SAD |
9 | 65 | 0.62 | 1.63 | 52 | 0.26 | – | – | 98–98 | 0 | 15280 | 150 | Severe COPD |
10 | 35 | 2.09 | 2.42 | 86 | 2.88 | 97–93 | −4 | 98–96 | −2 | 4838 | 235 | Mild restriction |
11 | 36 | 1.99 | 2.40 | 83 | 2.15 | 98–98 | 0 | 98–96 | −2 | 15116 | 201 | Mild restriction |
12 | 35 | 2.57 | 2.92 | 89 | 3.56 | 96–96 | 0 | 98–98 | 0 | 2756 | 183 | Normal |
13 | 34 | 2.46 | 3.26 | 82 | 2.35 | – | – | – | – | 2756 | 183 | SAD |
14 | 35 | 1.87 | 2.26 | 83 | 2.02 | 98–96 | −2 | 98–98 | 0 | 808 | 190 | Mild restriction |
15 | 52 | 2.09 | 2.33 | 86 | 2.28 | 98–97 | −1 | 97–96 | −1 | 6357 | 135 | Normal |
16 | 55 | 0.60 | 1.07 | 56 | 0.36 | 96–91 | −5 | 96–91 | −5 | 1467 | 160 | Severe COPD |
17 | 41 | 1.81 | 2.28 | 91 | 2.19 | 97–96 | −1 | 97–94 | −3 | 291 | 169 | Mild restriction |
18 | 28 | 1.48 | 1.82 | 93 | 1.98 | 96–94 | −2 | 96–93 | −3 | 3364 | 154 | Severe restriction |
19 | 19 | 1.73 | 2.24 | 80 | 1.38 | 98–97 | −1 | – | – | 1135 | 171 | Moderate restriction |
20 | 24 | 2.90 | 3.33 | 87 | 5.34 | – | – | 98–97 | −1 | 1135 | 171 | Normal |
21 | 37 | 2.69 | 3.45 | 78 | 2.30 | 98–96 | −2 | 97–96 | −1 | 8261 | 162 | SAD |
22 | 36 | 2.64 | 3.06 | 86 | 3.40 | 98–97 | −1 | 97–97 | 0 | 4523 | 108 | Normal |
23 | 45 | 1.34 | 1.93 | 69 | 0.78 | 98–96 | −1 | 97–95 | −2 | 675 | 162 | Moderate COPD |
24 | 50 | 1.35 | 1.79 | 80 | 1.19 | – | – | – | – | 675 | 162 | Mild restriction |
Mean±SD | 38±12.5 | 1.95±0.59 | 2.44±0.58 | 81.04±10.27 | 2.19±1.12 | – | −1.56±1.25 | – | −1.53±1.50 | 4741±4879 | 166±31.96 |
Normal values were taken as 10% below Caucasian values.
Two subjects were excluded because of poor quality blows.
↵* Cumulative exposure during the cooking period in the morning and evening.
AEC, after evening cooking; AMC, after morning cooking; BEC, before evening cooking; BMC, before morning cooking; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, ean forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FEF25–75, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC; FVC, forced vital capacity; SAD, small airways disease.