Effects of adaptive servoventilation (ASV) in patients witch congestive heart failure and complex sleep apnoea (n=27)
| Baseline (at ASV introduction) | Last follow-up visit under ASV therapy (14±4 months) | Significance (p Value) | |
| Sleep study results | |||
| AHI, /h | 34.0±14.7 | 8.1±9.6 | <0.0001 |
| AI, /h | 18.3±13.4 | 2.0±3.9 | 0.008 |
| cAI, /h | 17.4±12.5 | 0.77±1.79 | <0.0001 |
| Average oxygen saturation, % | 93.2±1.8 | 94.3±1.5 | 0.37 |
| Lowest oxygen saturation, % | 81.9±5.3 | 87.3±4.4 | 0.0004 |
| Mean desaturation, % | 5.6±2.0 | 4.6±1.8 | 0.26 |
| Longest apnoea period, s | 40.4±16.3 | 21.2±19.8 | <0.0001 |
| Longest hyponea period, s | 43.9±16.6 | 41.6±22.7 | 0.92 |
| BMI | 28.3±4.2 | 28.2±3.6 | 0.88 |
| NYHA class | 2.7±0.7 | 1.9±0.9 | <0.0001 |
| Nocturia | 1.5±1.5 | 1.4±1.4 | 0.08 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 120.1±22.4 | 117.1±21.7 | 0.52 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 71.1±14.0 | 73.2±15.4 | 0.53 |
| Heart rate | 72.5±13.1 | 72.0±13.6 | 0.52 |
| Blood gas analysis | |||
| pH | 7.441±0.03 | 7.439±0.03 | 0.37 |
| pco2, mm Hg | 37.0±4.0 | 37.8±4.1 | 0.21 |
| po2, mm Hg | 77.6±11.6 | 80.8±11.8 | 0.38 |
| BE | 1.9±2.7 | 2.0±2.4 | 0.77 |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LVEF (%) | 31.1±7.1 | 34.8±12.1 | 0.04 |
| LVEDD, mm | 68.8±7.4 | 65.3±14.5 | 0.18 |
| LAD, mm | 49.5±8.5 | 51.3±9.6 | 0.34 |
| sPAP | 42.1±13.1 | 38.1±15.6 | 0.21 |
| Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and six-minute walk | |||
| Duration, min | 7.4±2.4 | 8.3±2.1 | 0.10 |
| Maximum workload, W | 90.6±32.5 | 97.6±29.8 | 0.15 |
| Vo2-AT, ml/min/kg | 12.7±3.6 | 14.3±3.9 | 0.03 |
| Vo2 peak, ml/min/kg | 14.8±4.3 | 16.5±5.2 | 0.04 |
| Vo2 predicted, % | 61.7±18.2 | 71.7±21.1 | 0.02 |
| VE/Vco2 slope | 33.7±5.3 | 31.8±5.2 | 0.08 |
| Six-minute walk test, m | 371±82 | 421±96 | 0.09 |
| Laboratory measurement | |||
| NT-proBNP, pg/ml | 2518±3340 | 2118±1667 | 0.01 |
| Hb, /ml | 14.0±1.3 | 14.0±1.3 | 0.42 |
| Sodium, μg/l | 139.6±7.9 | 139.4±3.6 | 0.23 |
| Creatinine, μg/l | 1.3±0.4 | 1.4±0.5 | 0.33 |
| CRP, ng/ml | 0.8±0.8 | 0.6±0.7 | 0.27 |
| HCVR, l/min/mm Hg | 4.60±3.66 | 3.11±2.3 | 0.03 |
AHI, apnoea– hypopnoea index; AI, apnoea index; BE, base excess; BMI, body mass index; Hb, haemoglobin; cAI, central apnoea index; HCVR, hyperoxic, hypercapnic ventilatory response; LAD, left atrium dimension; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; pco2, partial pressure of CO2; po2, partial pressure of O2; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; VE/Vco2 slope; the relationship between minute ventilation and the rate of CO2 elimination; Vo2, oxygen consumption; Vo2-AT, oxygen consumption at the individual aerobic–anaerobic threshold.