Group | Extremely preterm (EP) n=38 | Controls n=38 | Mean difference (95% CI) (EP–control) | p Value |
Females: n (%) | 27 (71%) | 23 (61%) | 4 (−11% to 30%) | 0.33 |
BPD n (%) | 27 (71%) | – | NA | NA |
GA (weeks)* | 25.0 (24.7–25.1)† | 40.0 (40.0–40.4)† | NA | NA |
Birth weight (g) | 740 (107) | 3360 (527) | NA | NA |
Age at test (years) | 11.1 (0.4) | 11.0 (0.5) | 0.1 (−0.04 to 0.4) | 0.12 |
Height (cm) | 142.4 (5.6) | 145.6 (5.8) | −3.2 (−5.8 to −0.6) | 0.01 |
Height Z-score | −0.3 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.8) | −0.6 (−1.0 to −0.3) | 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 36.8 (8.5) | 39.2 (6.7) | −2.4 (−5.9 to 1.1) | 0.17 |
Weight Z-score | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.4 (0.9) | −0.5 (−1.0 to −0.1) | 0.02 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 18.0 (3.1) | 18.4 (2.4) | −0.4 (−1.7 to 0.9) | 0.53 |
BMI Z-score | −0.004 (1.3) | 0.36 (0.9) | −0.36 (−0.9 to 0.1) | 0.15 |
HC (cm) | 52.5 (1.7) | 54.0 (1.6) | −1.5 (−2.6; −0.5) | 0.01 |
HC Z-score | −1.3 (1.3) | −0.15 (1.15) | −1.15 (−1.94 to −0.40) | 0.01 |
% Current asthma diagnosis | 32% | 16% | 16 (−3% to 34%) | 0.10 |
↵* Data are presented as median (IQR).
↵† Five EP children had a gestational age <24 completed weeks, 11 were ≥24 and <25 weeks, and 22 were ≥25 and <26 weeks.
Data are presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise stated.
BMI, body mass index; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; GA, gestational age; HC, head circumference; NA, not applicable.