Frequency of bacterial pathogens in respiratory cultures
| Control (N) | Treatment (N) | Control (N=308) | Treatment (N=368)* | Risk difference (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Gram-positive bacteria | 189 | 188 | 61.36% | 51.09% | 10.3 (2.8 to 17.8) | 0.007 |
| Gram-negative bacteria | 97 | 113 | 36.36% | 36.14% | 0.8 (−6.2 to 7.8) | 0.83 |
| Non-fermenting bacteria | 24 | 52 | 7.79% | 14.13% | 6.4 (1.6 to 11.1) | 0.009 |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 28 | 18 | 9.09% | 4.89% | 4.2 (0.39 to 8.0) | 0.03 |
| Other Gram-negative bacteria | 45 | 43 | 14.61% | 11.68% | 2.9 (−2.2 to 8.0) | 0.26 |
| Yeast and fungi | 152 | 190 | 49.35% | 51.63% | 2.3 (−5.3 to 9.8) | 0.56 |
↵* Differences explained by the fact that, in participants reaching the primary efficacy end point, data were analysed from the start of the study until the first full study year after having reached the end point.