Table 3 Post hoc analyses for variables significantly predicting breathlessness components on exercise in MANOVA
ComponentsIndependent variablesp Values
Exercise air hungerFVC (% predicted) Diagnosis0.02, <0.001
Exercise affectiveFVC (% predicted)0.004
Exercise nociceptiveFVC (% predicted) Diagnosis0.02, 0.001
Exercise regulationDiagnosis<0.001
Exercise attentiveDiagnosis<0.001
Exercise miscellaneous––

  • Diagnosis reflects the independent impact of a specific diagnostic category.

  • FVC, forced vital capacity.