Table 3 Comparison of patients according to whether or not FEV1 z-score was abnormal at baseline
FEV1 z-score <−2 at baseline(n = 37)FEV1 z-score ⩾−2 at baseline(n = 22)p Value
Sex (M:F)23:148:14
Aetiology
    Idiopathic167
    Congenital malformations04
    Post-infectious40
    Immunodeficiency1411
    Aspiration30
Age (years)*‡9.3 (5.8–15.8)7.5 (4.8–12.3)0.03
Growth†§
    Height-for-age z-scores−0.73 (1.3)−0.6 (1.4)0.7
    Weight-for-age z-scores−0.44 (1.3)0.23 (1.3)0.07
    BMI-for-age z-scores−0.15 (1.5)0.67 (1.0)0.02

  • *Median (range). †Mean (SD) z-scores. ‡Mann-Whitney test. §Independent sample t test.

  • BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.