| Idiopathic(n = 23) | Primary immunodeficiency(n = 25) | Congenital malformations(n = 4) | Post-infectious(n = 4) | Aspiration(n = 3) | p Value | |
| Age (years)*‡ | 9.3 (4.8 to 15.8) | 8.0 (5.1 to 15.3) | 8.0 (6.2 to 12.3) | 8.5 (7.4 to 12.3) | 8.4 (6.6 to 8.7) | 0.91 |
| Growth† | ||||||
| Height§ | −0.15 (1.0) | −1.21 (1.34) | 0.25 (2.20) | −0.95 (0.61) | −1.14 (0.74) | 0.003 |
| Weight§ | −0.08 (1.20) | −0.46 (1.54) | 1.27 (1.66) | 1.28 (0.30) | −0.86 (1.44) | 0.36 |
| BMI§ | −0.11 (1.43) | 0.32 (1.50) | 1.07 (1.05) | 0.86 (0.38) | 0.30 (0.70) | 0.4 |
| Lung function† | ||||||
| FVC§ | −2.43 (1.76) | −2.50 (1.92) | −1.38 (0.64) | −4.65 (1.25) | −3.55 (1.03) | 0.90 |
| FEV1§ | −2.60 (1.35) | −2.44 (1.92) | −1.70 (0.21) | −4.88 (1.37) | −3.33 (1.12) | 0.76 |
The last column shows comparison between idiopathic and primary immunodeficiency only using the ‡Mann-Whitney test or §independent sample t test.
*Median (range). †Mean (SD) z-scores.
BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.