| Persistent OSA (ΔAHI ⩾50%) (n = 19) | Improved OSA (ΔAHI <50%) (n = 17) | p Value | |
| Age at baseline (years) | 8.8 (7.5, 9.4) | 9.8 (8.2, 11.1) | NS |
| Body mass index z score | |||
| Baseline | 1.41 (0.67, 1.78) | 0.84 (−0.15, 1.82) | NS |
| Follow-up | 1.63 (0.76, 1.78) | 0.63 (−0.20, 1.82) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | NS | |
| Change | 0.04 (−0.20, 0.22) | 0.10 (−0.13, 0.22) | NS |
| Apnoea–hypopnoea index/h | |||
| Baseline | 3.0 (2.3, 6.9) | 10.2 (2.6, 17.5) | NS |
| Follow-up | 6.0 (2.8, 7.8) | 0.8 (0.3, 3.4) | <0.001 |
| *p Value | NS | 0.0003 | |
| Change | 1.5 (−0.5, 4.2) | −7.0 (−15.3, −2.3) | <0.001 |
| RV ejection fraction (%) | |||
| Baseline | 51.5 (43.4, 60.3) | 47.2 (42.7, 58.5) | NS |
| Follow-up | 50.5 (36.7, 58.3) | 55.5 (45.1, 60.4) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | NS | |
| Change | −1.9 (−9.3, 3.5) | 1.7 (−1.9, 12.5) | NS |
| RV myocardial performance index | |||
| Baseline | 0.354 (0.321, 0.414) | 0.490 (0.408, 0.555) | 0.011 |
| Follow-up | 0.337 (0.288, 0.430) | 0.354 (0.288, 0.402) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | 0.025 | |
| Change | −0.03 (−0.16, 0.10) | −0.11 (−0.25, 0.04) | NS |
| Relative wall thickness | |||
| Baseline | 0.338 (0.302, 0.376) | 0.372 (0.319, 0.464) | NS |
| Follow-up | 0.377 (0.333, 0.418) | 0.372 (0.311, 0.404) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | 0.039 | |
| Change | 0.014 (−0.002, 0.074) | −0.017 (−0.063, 0.001) | 0.006 |
| Interventricular septal thickness index (cm/m) | |||
| Baseline | 0.507 (0.490, 0.633) | 0.606 (0.500, 0.661) | NS |
| Follow-up | 0.540 (0.440, 0.648) | 0.528 (0.500, 0.577) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | 0.022 | |
| Change | −0.008 (−0.070, 0.120) | −0.036 (−0.097, −0.008) | NS |
| E/e′ | |||
| Baseline | 9.3 (8.7, 9.9) | 10.2 (8.8, 12.3) | NS |
| Follow-up | 9.4 (8.9, 11.2) | 9.1 (8.4, 9.9) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | 0.013 | |
| Change | 0.3 (−0.8, 1.7) | −1.4 (−3.2, −0.1) | 0.009 |
| Abnormal LV geometry, N (%) | |||
| Baseline | 7 (36.8) | 10 (58.8) | NS |
| Follow-up | 10 (52.6) | 8 (47.1) | NS |
| *p Value | NS | NS | |
| Acquired abnormal LV geometry (n (%)) | 6 (31.6) | 2 (11.8) | NS |
| Normalised LV geometry (n (%)) | 3 (15.8) | 4 (23.5) | NS |
Data are shown as median (IQR) unless otherwise specified.
*p Values were obtained from Wilcoxon signed ranks tests (intragroup comparisons).
AHI, apnoea–hypopnoea index; E/e′, ratio of mitral early peak velocity/mitral annulus early peak velocity; LV, right ventricle; OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea; RV, right ventricle.