| Total (n = 101) | Reference (n = 35) | Mild OSA (n = 39) | Moderate to severe OSA (n = 27) | p Value | |
| Demographics and anthropometrics | |||||
| Age (year) | 9.6 (1.9) | 9.5 (1.9) | 9.7 (1.9) | 9.6 (1.8) | 0.9 |
| Male gender (n (%)) | 74 (73.3) | 25 (71.4) | 25 (64.1) | 24 (88.9) | 0.08 |
| Body height (cm) | 135.2 (12.3) | 132.9 (11.3) | 135.7 (12.1) | 137.3 (13.6) | 0.3 |
| Body weight (kg) | 35.7 (11.6) | 33.7 (10.6) | 34.8 (11.3) | 39.6 (12.7) | 0.1 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 19.1 (3.7) | 18.7 (3.6) | 18.4 (3.7) | 20.4 (3.5) | 0.06 |
| Body mass index z score‡ | 0.8 (1.0) | 0.8 (1.1) | 0.60 (1.1) | 1.24 (0.8) | 0.04 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.3) | 0.2 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.2 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 104.7 (11.7) | 102.6 (11.9) | 104.2 (10.5) | 108.2 (12.8) | 0.2 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 68.0 (9.7) | 67.3 (9.7) | 66.9 (10.5) | 70.6 (8.4) | 0.3 |
| Polysomnographics | |||||
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 81.1 (11.2) | 82.3 (8.7) | 80.3 (11.0 | 80.8 (14.2 | 0.7 |
| Apnoea–hypopnoea index/h*†‡ | 1.9 (0.5–5.5) | 0 (0–0.6) | 2.1 (1.4–3.0) | 10.2 (6.9–17.3) | <0.0001 |
| Oxygen desaturation index/h*†‡ | 0.4 (0–1.6) | 0 (0–0.2) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 4.0 (2.3–9.5) | <0.0001 |
| Arousal index/h†‡ | 6.8 (5.1–9.5) | 5.8 (3.7–7.2) | 6.0 (4.9–8.0) | 10.3 (8.0–14.9) | <0.0001 |
| Oxyhaemoglobin saturation nadir (%)*†‡ | 91.3 (3.9) | 93.6 (2.2) | 91.4 (1.9) | 88.1 (5.3) | <0.0001 |
Parametric data and non-parametric data are shown as mean (SD) and median (IQR), respectively.
*p<0.05, normal group vs mild OSA group. †p<0.05, normal group vs moderate to severe OSA group. ‡p<0.05, mild OSA group vs moderate to severe OSA group.
OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea.