| Adjusted for sex and height | Fully adjusted | |||||
| No | Coeff (95% CI) | p Value | No | Coeff (95% CI) | p Value | |
| FEV1 (ml) | 921 | 55.9 (−8 to 120) | 0.087 | 588 | 100.1 (14 to 186) | 0.023 |
| FVC (ml) | 921 | 64.7 (−10 to 139) | 0.088 | 588 | 118.6 (15 to 223) | 0.026 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 921 | 0.01 (−0.82 to 0.84) | 0.974 | 588 | 0.00 (−1.16 to 1.17) | 0.995 |
| TLC (ml) | 884 | 81.6 (−11 to 174) | 0.084 | 570 | 151.0 (27 to 275) | 0.017 |
| FRC (ml) | 885 | 56.7 (−29 to 143) | 0.196 | 571 | 134.5 (41 to 228) | 0.005 |
| RV (ml) | 884 | 6.0 (−42 to 54) | 0.805 | 570 | 40.1 (−23 to 104) | 0.215 |
| Tlco (ml/min/mm Hg) | 842 | 0.97 (0.42 to 1.53) | 0.001 | 539 | 1.19 (0.41 to 1.97) | 0.003 |
| Tlco/Va (ml/min/mm Hg/l) | 842 | 0.10 (0.01 to 0.19) | 0.025 | 539 | 0.11 (−0.01 to 0.23) | 0.077 |
| Va (ml) | 895 | 50.8 (−41 to 143) | 0.277 | 576 | 95.8 (−29 to 221) | 0.133 |
All analyses adjust for sex and (except for FEV1/FVC) height at age 32 years. All analyses of Tlco and Tlco/Va adjust for exhaled carbon monoxide and blood haemoglobin. Analyses in the fully adjusted models also adjust for weight gain between birth and age 3 years, gestational age, maternal smoking during pregnancy, parental smoking during childhood, personal smoking history to age 32 years, childhood socioeconomic status, current asthma at age 32 years and weight at age 32 years. Coefficients represent the difference in lung function associated with a 1 kg difference in birth weight.
FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FRC, functional residual capacity; FVC, forced vital capacity; RV, residual volume; TLC, total lung capacity; Tlco, single breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; Va, alveolar volume.