| Entire sample (n = 204) | AHI ⩽1 (n = 103) | 1< AHI ⩽5 (n = 85) | AHI >5 (n = 16) | p Value (trend) | |
| Age (y) | 10.4 (1.7) | 10.4 (1.8) | 10.4 (1.6) | 10.3 (1.7) | 0.91 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 16.5 (1.9) | 16.4 (2.0) | 16.6 (1.9) | 16.6 (1.6) | 0.53 |
| During wakefulness | |||||
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 109.8 (7.3) | 109.0 (7.5) | 110.5 (7.2) | 111.1 (6.4) | 0.11 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg)† | 70.9 (4.8) | 70.2 (4.8) | 71.2 (4.6) | 73.6 (4.9) | 0.011 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 83.8 (4.9) | 83.2 (5.0) | 84.1 (4.7) | 85.7 (4.5) | 0.047 |
| Systolic BP z score | −0.41 (0.94) | −0.52 (0.95) | −0.32 (0.95) | −0.26 (0.81) | 0.13 |
| Diastolic BP z score† | −0.18 (0.78) | −0.28 (0.78) | −0.15 (0.75) | 0.26 (0.82) | 0.014 |
| Mean arterial pressure z score | −0.11 (0.71) | −0.18 (0.73) | −0.07 (0.70) | 0.15 (0.66) | 0.064 |
| During sleep | |||||
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 98.7 (8.3) | 97.3 (8.0) | 100.0 (7.9) | 100.9 (10.4) | 0.016 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 58.8 (5.4) | 57.9 (5.5) | 59.6 (4.7) | 60.5 (6.6) | 0.015 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg)* | 73.4 (5.4) | 72.3 (5.4) | 74.4 (4.9) | 74.6 (6.3) | 0.007 |
| Systolic BP z score* | 0.12 (1.00) | −0.07 (0.97) | 0.30 (0.96) | 0.40 (1.25) | 0.008 |
| Diastolic BP z score | 0.60 (0.90) | 0.45 (0.92) | 0.72 (0.80) | 0.85 (1.13) | 0.019 |
| Mean arterial pressure z score* | 0.63 (0.77) | 0.47 (0.78) | 0.78 (0.70) | 0.80 (0.93) | 0.006 |
Mean (SD) are presented.
*Post-hoc test, p<0.05, normal group vs mild OSA group.
†Post-hoc test, p<0.05, normal group vs moderate to severe OSA group.
AHI, apnoea–hypopnoea index; BP, blood pressure; OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea.